China: Sakyamuni expounding the Lotus Sutra. Silk painting from Mogao Caves, Dunhuang, 8th-9th century
The Sakyamuni Buddha is shown flanked by two disciples teaching the Lotus Sutra on 'Vulture Peak'. Siddartha Gautama, also known as Śākyamuni ('Sage of the Śākyas'), is the primary figure in Buddhism, and accounts of his life, discourses, and monastic rules are believed by Buddhists to have been summarized after his death and memorized by his followers. Various collections of teachings attributed to him were passed down by oral tradition, and first committed to writing about 400 years later.
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