China: Shao Yong (Shao Kangjie, 1011-1077), Song Dynasty philosopher, cosmologist, poet and historian who influenced the development of Neo-Confucianism.

Shao Yong was a member of a group of thinkers who gathered in Luoyang toward the last three decades of the 11th century. This group had two primary objectives. One of these was to draw parallels between their own streams of thought and that of Confucianism as understood by Mencius. Secondly, the group set out to undermine any links, real or otherwise, between 4th-century Confucianism and what they viewed as inferior philosophical schools of thinking, namely Buddhism and Taoism.

Other loosely connected members of this so-called network of thinkers include: Cheng Yi, Zhang Zai, Cheng Hao (1032–1085) and Zhou Dunyi. Central to each of these men was the ancient text of the I Ching, which each had studied closely.

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