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Turkey: A portrait of Ottoman Sultan Mahmud I (r. 1696-1754). Oil on canvas painting by Jean Baptiste Vanmour (1671-1737), c. 1730-1737

Mahmud I (1696 - July 1, 1754), known as the Hunchback, was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a son of Sultan Mustafa II (1664-1703). He became sultan after a coup by rebellious Janissaries resulted in his uncle, Sultan Ahmed III, being forced to abdicate.