UK / China: James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin (1811-1863). As British High Commissioner in China during the Second Opium War in 1860 he infamously ordered the destruction of the Old Summer Palace (Yuan Ming Yuan) in Beijing (1860)

James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin and 12th Earl of Kincardine, KT, GCB, PC (20 July 1811 – 20 November 1863), was a British colonial administrator and diplomat. He was the Governor General of the Province of Canada, a High Commissioner in charge of opening trades with China and Japan, and Viceroy of India.

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