Indonesia / Netherlands: A senior merchant of the Dutch East India Company, Jacob Mathieusen and his wife. In the background is the City of Batavia. Oil on canvas, Aelbert Cuyp, c. 1640-1660

The Dutch East India Company (VOC) was set up in 1602 to gain a foothold in the East Indies (Indonesia) for the Dutch in the lucrative spice trade, which until that point was dominated by the Portuguese.

It was a chartered company granted a monopoly by the Dutch government to carry out colonial activities in Asia, including establishing colonies in Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and India.

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