China: A modern representation of Cai Lun (Ts'ai Lun), c. 50-121 CE, traditionally regarded as the inventor of paper, overseeing the paper-making process

Cai Lun (ca. 50 CE – 121), courtesy name Jingzhong, was a Chinese eunuch and political official. He is traditionally regarded as the inventor of paper and the papermaking process, in forms recognizable in modern times as paper (as opposed to papyrus).

Although early forms of paper had existed in China since the 2nd century BCE, he was responsible for the first significant improvement and standardization of paper-making by adding essential new materials into its composition.

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