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Syria: A Mamluk governor, or ‘na-ib’, and his retinue receive Venetian consul Niccolo Malipiero in Damascus in 1511.

Syria: A Mamluk governor, or ‘na-ib’, and his retinue receive Venetian consul Niccolo Malipiero in Damascus in 1511.

Mamluks were originally soldiers or slaves who converted to Islam. A Mamluk army seized control of Egypt and Syria and established the ‘Mamluk Sultanate’ from 1250 to 1517 during which time they defeated or repelled Mongol invaders and Christian crusaders.