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Sheikh Mahmud Barzanji (Kurdish: Mahmud Barzinji (1878 – October 9, 1956) was the leader of a series of Kurdish uprisings against the British Mandate of Iraq.<br/><br/> He was sheikh of a Qadiriyah Sufi family of the Barzanji clan from the city of Sulaymaniyah, which is now in Iraqi Kurdistan. He was styled King of Kurdistan during several of these uprisings.
Sheikh Mahmud Barzanji (Kurdish: Mahmud Barzinji (1878 – October 9, 1956) was the leader of a series of Kurdish uprisings against the British Mandate of Iraq.<br/><br/> He was sheikh of a Qadiriyah Sufi family of the Barzanji clan from the city of Sulaymaniyah, which is now in Iraqi Kurdistan. He was styled King of Kurdistan during several of these uprisings.
Aisin-Gioro Pu Yi (7 February 1906 – 17 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro ruling family, was the last Emperor of China.<br/><br/> He ruled in two periods between 1908 and 1917, firstly as the Xuantong Emperor from 1908 to 1912, and nominally as a non-ruling puppet emperor for twelve days in 1917. He was the twelfth and final member of the Qing Dynasty to rule over China proper.
Jawaharlal Nehru (14 November 1889–27 May 1964) was an Indian statesman who was the first (and to date longest-serving) prime minister of India, from 1947 until 1964. One of the leading figures in the Indian independence movement, Nehru was elected by the Congress Party to assume office as independent India's first Prime Minister, and re-elected when the Congress Party won India's first general election in 1952. As one of the founders of the Non-aligned Movement, he was also an important figure in the international politics of the post-war era.
U Nu (also Thakin Nu; 25 May 1907 – 14 February 1995) was a leading Burmese nationalist and political figure of the 20th century.<br/><br/> He was the first Prime Minister of Burma under the provisions of the 1947 Constitution of the Union of Burma, from 4 January 1948 to 12 June 1956, again from 28 February 1957 to 28 October 1958, and finally from 4 April 1960 to 2 March 1962.
Hussein Badreddin al-Houthi (1956 – 10 September 2004), also spelled Hussein Badr Eddin al-Houthi, was a Zaidi religious leader and former member of the Yemeni parliament for the Al-Haqq Islamic party between 1993 and 1997. He was an instrumental figure in the Houthi insurgency against the Yemeni government, which began in 2004.<br/><br/> Al-Houthi, who was a one-time rising political aspirant in Yemen, had wide religious and tribal backing in northern Yemen's mountainous regions. The Houthis movement took his name after his death in 2004.
Thailand: King Rama IX, Bhumibol Adulyadej (5 December 1927 – 13 October 2016), 9th monarch of the Chakri Dynasty, entering the monkhood for 15 days, October 1956.<br/><br/> Bhumibol Adulyadej (Phumiphon Adunyadet) was the 9th King of Thailand. He was known as Rama IX, and within the Thai royal family and to close associates simply as Lek. Having reigned since 9 June 1946, he was one of the world's longest-serving heads of state and the longest-reigning monarch in Thai history.
Ba Swe (17 October 1915 – 6 December 1987) was the second Premier of Burma. He was a leading Burmese politician during the decade after the country gained its independence from Britain in 1948. He held the position of prime minister from 12 June 1956 to 28 February 1957.
Left to right: Mao Zedong; Peng Zhen (October 12, 1902 – April 26, 1997, a leading member of the Communist Party of China); Norodom Sihanouk, the 'Father-King' of Cambodia; and Liu Shaoqi. 2nd chirman of the People's Republic of China.
S.W.R.D. (Solomon West Ridgeway Dias) Bandaranaike (8 January 1899—26 September 1959) was the fourth Prime Minister of Ceylon (later Sri Lanka), serving from 1956 until his assassination in 1959.<br/><br/> His assassination by a Buddhist monk shocked the world. Sri Lanka has long been a country associated with Theravada Buddhism and its strong principles of non-violence.<br/><br/> On 25 September 1959, Talduwe Somarama, a Buddhist monk dressed in traditional saffron robes, arrived at Bandaranaike's home in Colombo. Since Somarama was a member of the Buddhist clergy, he was not searched for weapons and given free access to the prime minister as he began his routine meetings with the public. When the monk's presence was intimated to him, the Oxford-educated Bandaranaike greeted him in the traditional Buddhist manner. The assassin then pulled a revolver that had been hidden in his robes, and fired at the Ceylonese prime minister. Bandaranaike was rushed to hospital but died the following day in spite of a six-hour surgery.<br/><br/> Somarama was allegedly involved in a high-level conspiracy, and was known to have strong nationalist sentiments. He was later hanged.
Nightclub entertainer Jean Clery has just become engaged to Lili, his attractive psychoanalyst. Meanwhile, the nightclub where he works is being used by a counterfeit ring, and Paris police suspect owner Paul Latour of being the ringleader.<br/><br/> Finding it expedient to leave town, Paul leaves his 'baby' daughter with Jean, who discovers too late that she's a wild, carefree, shapely sex-kitten with a talent for getting Jean into amusing scrapes. Contemporaneous Japanese version of a sexy French comedy.
Prince Souvanna Phouma (Souvannaphouma) (1901-1984), leader of the neutralist faction in Laos during the Second Indochina War and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Laos 1951-52, 1956-58, 1960 and 1962-75.
U Nu (also Thakin Nu; 25 May 1907 – 14 February 1995) was a leading Burmese nationalist and political figure of the 20th century.<br/><br/> He was the first Prime Minister of Burma under the provisions of the 1947 Constitution of the Union of Burma, from 4 January 1948 to 12 June 1956, again from 28 February 1957 to 28 October 1958, and finally from 4 April 1960 to 2 March 1962.
Syngman Rhee (April 18, 1875 – July 19, 1965) was a Korean statesman and the first president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea as well as the first president of South Korea. His three-term presidency of South Korea (August 1948 to April 1960) was strongly affected by Cold War tensions on the Korean peninsula.<br/><br/> Rhee was regarded as an anti-Communist and a strongman, and he led South Korea through the Korean War. His presidency ended in resignation following popular protests against a disputed election. He died in exile in Honolulu, Hawaii.
Cartoon drawing of the former Vietnamese emperor Bao Dai (1913-1997) in exile in Hong Kong with attendant Chinese hostesses, c. 1956.<br/><br/> Bảo Đại (22 October 1913 – 30 July 1997), born Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thụy, was the 13th and last ruler of the Nguyễn Dynasty. From 1926 to 1945, he served as emperor of Annam under French 'protection'. During this period Annam was a protectorate within French Indochina. Annam today covers the central two-thirds of Vietnam (Contemporary Vietnam being a merger of Annam & the former French Indochina provinces of 'Tonkin' to the north & 'Cochinchina' in the south). Bảo Đại ascended the throne in 1932 at the age of 19. The Japanese ousted the French in March 1941 and then ruled through Bảo Đại. At this time, Bảo Đại renamed his country "Vietnam". He abdicated in August 1945 when Japan surrendered. He was chief of state of the State of Vietnam (South Vietnam) from 1949 until 1955. Bảo Đại was criticized as being closely associated with France and spending much of his time outside of Vietnam. Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm ousted him in a referendum held in 1955.
U Nu (also Thakin Nu; 25 May 1907 – 14 February 1995) was a leading Burmese nationalist and political figure of the 20th century.<br/><br/> He was the first Prime Minister of Burma under the provisions of the 1947 Constitution of the Union of Burma, from 4 January 1948 to 12 June 1956, again from 28 February 1957 to 28 October 1958, and finally from 4 April 1960 to 2 March 1962.
Hồ Chí Minh, born Nguyễn Sinh Cung and also known as Nguyễn Ái Quốc (19 May 1890 – 3 September 1969) was a Vietnamese Communist revolutionary leader who was prime minister (1946–1955) and president (1945–1969) of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam). He formed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and led the Viet Cong during the Vietnam War until his death. Hồ led the Viet Minh independence movement from 1941 onward, establishing the communist-governed Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1945 and defeating the French Union in 1954 at Dien Bien Phu. He lost political power inside North Vietnam in the late 1950s, but remained as the highly visible figurehead president until his death.
Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st President of the United States from 1929 to 1933. A Republican, as Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s he introduced Progressive Era themes of efficiency in the business community and provided government support for standardization, efficiency and international trade.<br/><br/> As president from 1929 to 1933, his ambitious programs were overwhelmed by the Great Depression, that seemed to get worse every year despite the increasingly large-scale interventions he made in the economy.<br/><br/> He was defeated in a landslide in 1932 by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, and spent the rest of his life as a conservative denouncing big government, liberalism and federal intervention in economic affairs