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British territorial acquisitions in the countries that now comprise Malaysia and Singapore date back to 1786, when the Sultan of Kedah, menaced both by occasional Burmese and Siamese attacks, ceded Penang Island to the British East India Company in exchange for protection against his aggressive northern neighbours.<br/><br/> On August 11, 1786, Captain – later Sir – Francis Light took possession of the island and renamed it Prince of Wales Island. In 1798 a strip of coastal territory opposite Penang was similarly ceded to the British, and renamed Province Wellesley.<br/><br/> In 1946 Singapore became a separate Crown Colony, while Penang and Malacca both joined the Malayan Union, which became the Federation of Malaysia in 1963. Two years later, in August 1965, Singapore left the federation and became an independent state in its own right.
Photograph by Ernst Haeckel, early 20th century. Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (February 16, 1834 – August 9, 1919), also written von Haeckel, was an eminent German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, and coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, and the kingdom Protista. Haeckel promoted and popularized Charles Darwin's work in Germany.
Ko Phi Phi consists of two islands, Phi Phi Leh and Phi Phi Don, located southeast of Phuket. Both are part of Hat Noppharat Thara Ko Phi Phi National Marine Park.<br/><br/> Set in the centre of the Sea of Phuket, Ko Phi Phi is almost equidistant from Phuket and Krabi and can be reached by boat in around two hours.<br/><br/> Phi Phi Don is the larger of the two islands, with scenic hills, steep cliffs, silken beaches, azure waters and remarkable bird- and sea-life. The island narrows at the middle where long, white-sand beaches are only a few hundred metres apart. Boats from Krabi and Phuket dock at Ao Ton Sai on the southern side of the island. Hat Yao or 'Long Beach' faces south and is famous for the good snorkelling to be had on its coral reefs. To the northeast Hat Lanti is another fine beach with good waves for surfing. North of this beach is beautiful Ao Bakao, a bay with a small resort, while near the tip of Laem Tong are three more luxury resorts.
Ko Phi Phi consists of two islands, Phi Phi Leh and Phi Phi Don, located southeast of Phuket. Both are part of Hat Noppharat Thara Ko Phi Phi National Marine Park.<br/><br/> Set in the centre of the Sea of Phuket, Ko Phi Phi is almost equidistant from Phuket and Krabi and can be reached by boat in around two hours.<br/><br/> Phi Phi Don is the larger of the two islands, with scenic hills, steep cliffs, silken beaches, azure waters and remarkable bird- and sea-life. The island narrows at the middle where long, white-sand beaches are only a few hundred metres apart. Boats from Krabi and Phuket dock at Ao Ton Sai on the southern side of the island. Hat Yao or 'Long Beach' faces south and is famous for the good snorkelling to be had on its coral reefs. To the northeast Hat Lanti is another fine beach with good waves for surfing. North of this beach is beautiful Ao Bakao, a bay with a small resort, while near the tip of Laem Tong are three more luxury resorts.
Ko Phi Phi consists of two islands, Phi Phi Leh and Phi Phi Don, located southeast of Phuket. Both are part of Hat Noppharat Thara Ko Phi Phi National Marine Park.<br/><br/> Set in the centre of the Sea of Phuket, Ko Phi Phi is almost equidistant from Phuket and Krabi and can be reached by boat in around two hours.<br/><br/> Phi Phi Don is the larger of the two islands, with scenic hills, steep cliffs, silken beaches, azure waters and remarkable bird- and sea-life. The island narrows at the middle where long, white-sand beaches are only a few hundred metres apart. Boats from Krabi and Phuket dock at Ao Ton Sai on the southern side of the island. Hat Yao or 'Long Beach' faces south and is famous for the good snorkelling to be had on its coral reefs. To the northeast Hat Lanti is another fine beach with good waves for surfing. North of this beach is beautiful Ao Bakao, a bay with a small resort, while near the tip of Laem Tong are three more luxury resorts.
Ko Muk or ‘Pearl Island’ lies 13km (8 miles) due south of Trang’s Pak Meng Pier. Until fairly recently a remote back-packer destination with a small resident population of Chao Lae ‘Sea Gypsies’, Ko Muk is fast developing into a more up-market destination.<br/><br/> Tham Morakot or ‘Emerald Cave’ is a major local attraction. Visitors have to swim about 75 meters (240 ft) through a water-filled cavern at high tide, part of the swim being in virtual pitch darkness, to reach a hong or sea-filled lagoon that is otherwise shut off from the outside world, with the only access other than the tunnel being by the inaccessible heights of the collapsed dome allowing sunlight into the lagoon below. Boats can also enter the lagoon, which has a small white sand beach, at low tide.<br/><br/> The east coast of the island is undeveloped by tourism and remains the domain of the local fisherfolk including Chao Lae. Trang province was dependent on tin mining until the first rubber seedlings were brought into Thailand around 1901 – part of a long journey from South America via the neighboring Malay States.<br/><br/> Rubber, palm oil and fishing are the mainstays of the province's economy. Tourism is making an increasing impact as Trang’s Anadaman Coast and islands are increasingly developed and popularized.
Ko Kradan lies 13km (8 miles) due south of Trang’s Pak Meng Pier and is just one of the Andaman Sea pearls that lay off Trang’s southwest coast.<br/><br/> Trang province was dependent on tin mining until the first rubber seedlings were brought into Thailand around 1901 – part of a long journey from South America via the neighboring Malay States.<br/><br/> Rubber, palm oil and fishing are the mainstays of the province's economy. Tourism is making an increasing impact as Trang’s Anadaman Coast and islands are increasingly developed and popularized.
Ko Kradan lies 13km (8 miles) due south of Trang’s Pak Meng Pier and is just one of the Andaman Sea pearls that lay off Trang’s southwest coast.<br/><br/> Trang province was dependent on tin mining until the first rubber seedlings were brought into Thailand around 1901 – part of a long journey from South America via the neighboring Malay States.<br/><br/> Rubber, palm oil and fishing are the mainstays of the province's economy. Tourism is making an increasing impact as Trang’s Anadaman Coast and islands are increasingly developed and popularized.
Ko Tao or Turtle Island, located in the midst of the Gulf of Thailand, was named by early settlers for the island’s hump-backed, turtle-like shape, though it is also a significant breeding ground for both Hawksbill and Green Turtles.<br/><br/> The economy of the island, which was once uninhabited except for transient fishermen, now revolves almost exclusively around tourism and scuba diving. The rapid development of tourism in recent years has had a negative impact on turtle breeding, but since 2004 the Royal Thai Navy in conjunction with a cooperative of local dive centers has sponsored the reintroduction of hundreds of juvenile turtles to Ko Tao’s ecosystem.<br/><br/> The island is about 21 sq km (8 sq miles) in area, and the main settlement, on the western side of the island, is Ban Mae Hat. Most of the island is rugged, with dense forest inland, quiet coves along the relatively difficult-to-reach east coast, and a fine sweep of sandy beach along the western shore.
Ko Tao or Turtle Island, located in the midst of the Gulf of Thailand, was named by early settlers for the island’s hump-backed, turtle-like shape, though it is also a significant breeding ground for both Hawksbill and Green Turtles.<br/><br/> The economy of the island, which was once uninhabited except for transient fishermen, now revolves almost exclusively around tourism and scuba diving. The rapid development of tourism in recent years has had a negative impact on turtle breeding, but since 2004 the Royal Thai Navy in conjunction with a cooperative of local dive centers has sponsored the reintroduction of hundreds of juvenile turtles to Ko Tao’s ecosystem.<br/><br/> The island is about 21 sq km (8 sq miles) in area, and the main settlement, on the western side of the island, is Ban Mae Hat. Most of the island is rugged, with dense forest inland, quiet coves along the relatively difficult-to-reach east coast, and a fine sweep of sandy beach along the western shore.
Ko Phangan is 15 km (9.5 miles) north of Ko Samui, and, at 168 sq km (65 sq miles) about two-thirds of its size. The island has the same tropical combination of white, sandy beaches, accessible coral reefs and rugged, jungled interior.<br/><br/> Once the haunt of budget travelers escaping from more expensive Ko Samui, it is today slowly moving more upmarket. Still, the island remains much less developed for international tourism than Ko Samui, due in part to its isolation and in part to its poor infrastructural system. The roads, in particular, remain poor, with many places along the coast only accessible by sea or by pickup truck or motorbike along badly maintained trails.
Ko Phangan is 15 km (9.5 miles) north of Ko Samui, and, at 168 sq km (65 sq miles) about two-thirds of its size. The island has the same tropical combination of white, sandy beaches, accessible coral reefs and rugged, jungled interior.<br/><br/> Once the haunt of budget travelers escaping from more expensive Ko Samui, it is today slowly moving more upmarket. Still, the island remains much less developed for international tourism than Ko Samui, due in part to its isolation and in part to its poor infrastructural system. The roads, in particular, remain poor, with many places along the coast only accessible by sea or by pickup truck or motorbike along badly maintained trails.
Ko Phangan is 15 km (9.5 miles) north of Ko Samui, and, at 168 sq km (65 sq miles) about two-thirds of its size. The island has the same tropical combination of white, sandy beaches, accessible coral reefs and rugged, jungled interior.<br/><br/> Once the haunt of budget travelers escaping from more expensive Ko Samui, it is today slowly moving more upmarket. Still, the island remains much less developed for international tourism than Ko Samui, due in part to its isolation and in part to its poor infrastructural system. The roads, in particular, remain poor, with many places along the coast only accessible by sea or by pickup truck or motorbike along badly maintained trails.
Ko Phangan is 15 km (9.5 miles) north of Ko Samui, and, at 168 sq km (65 sq miles) about two-thirds of its size. The island has the same tropical combination of white, sandy beaches, accessible coral reefs and rugged, jungled interior.<br/><br/> Once the haunt of budget travelers escaping from more expensive Ko Samui, it is today slowly moving more upmarket. Still, the island remains much less developed for international tourism than Ko Samui, due in part to its isolation and in part to its poor infrastructural system. The roads, in particular, remain poor, with many places along the coast only accessible by sea or by pickup truck or motorbike along badly maintained trails.
Ko Phangan is 15 km (9.5 miles) north of Ko Samui, and, at 168 sq km (65 sq miles) about two-thirds of its size. The island has the same tropical combination of white, sandy beaches, accessible coral reefs and rugged, jungled interior.<br/><br/> Once the haunt of budget travelers escaping from more expensive Ko Samui, it is today slowly moving more upmarket. Still, the island remains much less developed for international tourism than Ko Samui, due in part to its isolation and in part to its poor infrastructural system. The roads, in particular, remain poor, with many places along the coast only accessible by sea or by pickup truck or motorbike along badly maintained trails.
Ko Phangan is 15 km (9.5 miles) north of Ko Samui, and, at 168 sq km (65 sq miles) about two-thirds of its size. The island has the same tropical combination of white, sandy beaches, accessible coral reefs and rugged, jungled interior.<br/><br/> Once the haunt of budget travelers escaping from more expensive Ko Samui, it is today slowly moving more upmarket. Still, the island remains much less developed for international tourism than Ko Samui, due in part to its isolation and in part to its poor infrastructural system. The roads, in particular, remain poor, with many places along the coast only accessible by sea or by pickup truck or motorbike along badly maintained trails.