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George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) is an American politician who was the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 and the 43rd Vice President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.<br/><br/> A member of the U.S. Republican Party, he was previously a congressman, ambassador, and Director of Central Intelligence.
Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 — January 9, 1995) was, along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak, one of the 'Three Princes' who represented respectively the communist (pro-Vietnam), neutralist, and royalist political factions in Laos. He was the figurehead President of Laos from December 1975 to August 1991.<br/><br/> Nicknamed 'The Red Prince', he became the figurehead leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, and upon its successful seizure of power in 1975, he became the first President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (and President of the Supreme People's Assembly), a position which he held until his retirement in 1986.
Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban President, dictator, and military leader closely aligned with and supported by the United States. He served as the leader of Cuba from 1933 to 1944 and from 1952 to 1959, before being overthrown as a result of the Cuban Revolution.
Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban President, dictator, and military leader closely aligned with and supported by the United States. He served as the leader of Cuba from 1933 to 1944 and from 1952 to 1959, before being overthrown as a result of the Cuban Revolution.
Vang Pao (Hmong: Vaj Pov; 8 December 1929 – 6 January 2011) was a Lieutenant General in the Royal Lao Army and leading figure in the American 'Secret War' in Laos (1964-1973). He was a leader in the Hmong American community in the United States.
Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban President, dictator, and military leader closely aligned with and supported by the United States. He served as the leader of Cuba from 1933 to 1944 and from 1952 to 1959, before being overthrown as a result of the Cuban Revolution.
Touby Lyfoung (1917–1979) was a Hmong political and military leader. Born in 1917 in Nong Het, Laos, he became the first Hmong politician to achieve national prominence. During his long career, which began under French colonial rule and extended to the communist takeover in 1975, he supported the Royal Lao Government and American involvement in the Secret War.<br/><br/> Chao Say Kham was the local ruler of Xieng Khouang.<br/><br/> Vang Pao (Hmong: Vaj Pov; 8 December 1929 – 6 January 2011) was a Lieutenant General in the Royal Lao Army and leading figure in the American 'Secret War' in Laos (1964-1973). He was a leader in the Hmong American community in the United States.
The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.<br/><br/> Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6 which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.<br/><br/> While the coup is commonly referred to as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death at Ahmadabad, India, in 1967.
Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 - January 9, 1995), also known as the 'Red Prince' because of his political views, was President of Laos from December 1975 to August 1991. Souphanouvong was one of the sons of Prince Bounkhong, the last vice-king of Luang Prabang.
Touby Lyfoung (1917–1979) was a Hmong political and military leader. Born in 1917 in Nong Het, Laos, he became the first Hmong politician to achieve national prominence. During his long career, which began under French colonial rule and extended to the communist takeover in 1975, he supported the Royal Lao Government and American involvement in the Secret War.
The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.<br/><br/> Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6 which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.<br/><br/> While the coup is commonly referred to as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death at Ahmadabad, India, in 1967.
Touby Lyfoung (1917–1979) was a Hmong political and military leader. Born in 1917 in Nong Het, Laos, he became the first Hmong politician to achieve national prominence. During his long career, which began under French colonial rule and extended to the communist takeover in 1975, he supported the Royal Lao Government and American involvement in the Secret War.
The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.<br/><br/> Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6 which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.<br/><br/> While the coup is commonly referred to as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death at Ahmadabad, India, in 1967.
Edward Geary Lansdale (February 6, 1908–February 23, 1987) was a United States Air Force officer who served in the Office of Strategic Services and the Central Intelligence Agency. Lansdale was a member of General John W. O'Daniel's mission to Indo-China in 1953, acting as an advisor on special counter-guerrilla operations to French forces against the Viet Minh. From 1954 to 1957 he was stationed in Saigon as an advisor to the US supported government of South Vietnam. During this period he was active in the training of the Vietnamese National Army (VNA), organizing the Caodaist militias under Trinh Minh The in an attempt to bolster the VNA, a propaganda campaign encouraging Vietnam's Catholics to move to the south as part of Operation Passage to Freedom, and spreading claims that North Vietnamese agents were making attacks in South Vietnam.
Vang Pao (Hmong: Vaj Pov; 8 December 1929 – 6 January 2011) was a Lieutenant General in the Royal Lao Army and leading figure in the American 'Secret War' in Laos (1964-1973). He was a leader in the Hmong American community in the United States.
The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.<br/><br/> Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6 which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.<br/><br/> While the coup is commonly referred to as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death at Ahmadabad, India, in 1967.
The Laotian Civil War (1953–75) was fought between the Communist Pathet Lao (including many North Vietnamese of Lao ancestry) and the Royal Lao Government in which both the political rightists and leftists received heavy external support for a proxy war from the global Cold War superpowers. Among United States Central Intelligence Agency Special Activities Division US and Hmong veterans of the conflict, it is known as the Secret War.<br/><br/> The Kingdom of Laos was a covert theatre for battle for the other belligerents during the Vietnam War. The Franco–Lao Treaty of Amity and Association signed 22 October 1953, transferred remaining French powers – except control of military affairs – to the Royal Lao Government – which did not include any representatives from the Lao Issara anti-colonial armed nationalist movement — and otherwise establishing Laos as an independent member of the French Union.<br/><br/> The following years were marked by a rivalry between the neutralists under Prince Souvanna Phouma, the right wing under Prince Boun Oum of Champassak, and the left-wing Lao Patriotic Front under Prince Souphanouvong and future Prime Minister Kaysone Phomvihane. A number of attempts were made to establish coalition governments, and a 'tri-coalition' government was finally seated in Vientiane.<br/><br/> The fighting in Laos involved the North Vietnamese Army, U.S., Thai, and South Vietnamese forces directly and through irregular proxies in a battle for control over the Laotian Panhandle. The North Vietnamese Army occupied the area for use as the Ho Chi Minh Trail supply corridor and staging area for offensives into South Vietnam. There was a second major theatre of action on and near the northern Plain of Jars.<br/><br/> The North Vietnamese and Pathet Lao emerged victorious in 1975, as part of the general communist victory in Indochina that year.
Edgar 'Pop' Buell was a farmer from Steuben County, Indiana, but following the death of his wife in 1958 he joined the International Voluntary Services, a precursor to the Peace Corps, which offered him a job as an agricultural adviser in Laos. Buell worked in Laos through the Laotian Civil War, organizing relief aid to refugees and isolated villages, before he was forced to flee Laos in the mid-1970s.<br/><br/> He is widely regarded as having been the CIA's main contact with the Hmong anti-communist forces during the Laos 'Secret War' (1964-1973).<br/><br/> Vang Pao (Hmong: Vaj Pov; 8 December 1929 – 6 January 2011) was a Lieutenant General in the Royal Lao Army and leading figure in the American 'Secret War' in Laos (1964-1973). He was a leader in the Hmong American community in the United States.<br/><br/>
The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.<br/><br/> Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6 which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.<br/><br/> While the coup is commonly referred to as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death at Ahmadabad, India, in 1967.
Edward Geary Lansdale (February 6, 1908–February 23, 1987) was a United States Air Force officer who served in the Office of Strategic Services and the Central Intelligence Agency. Lansdale was a member of General John W. O'Daniel's mission to Indo-China in 1953, acting as an advisor on special counter-guerrilla operations to French forces against the Viet Minh. From 1954 to 1957 he was stationed in Saigon as an advisor to the US supported government of South Vietnam. During this period he was active in the training of the Vietnamese National Army (VNA), organizing the Caodaist militias under Trinh Minh The in an attempt to bolster the VNA, a propaganda campaign encouraging Vietnam's Catholics to move to the south as part of Operation Passage to Freedom, and spreading claims that North Vietnamese agents were making attacks in South Vietnam.
Vang Pao (Hmong: Vaj Pov; 8 December 1929 – 6 January 2011) was a Lieutenant General in the Royal Lao Army and leading figure in the American 'Secret War' in Laos (1964-1973). He was a leader in the Hmong American community in the United States.
The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.<br/><br/> Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6 which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.<br/><br/> While the coup is commonly referred to as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death at Ahmadabad, India, in 1967.
The Laotian Civil War (1953–75) was fought between the Communist Pathet Lao (including many North Vietnamese of Lao ancestry) and the Royal Lao Government in which both the political rightists and leftists received heavy external support for a proxy war from the global Cold War superpowers. Among United States Central Intelligence Agency Special Activities Division US and Hmong veterans of the conflict, it is known as the Secret War.<br/><br/> The Kingdom of Laos was a covert theatre for battle for the other belligerents during the Vietnam War. The Franco–Lao Treaty of Amity and Association signed 22 October 1953, transferred remaining French powers – except control of military affairs – to the Royal Lao Government – which did not include any representatives from the Lao Issara anti-colonial armed nationalist movement — and otherwise establishing Laos as an independent member of the French Union.<br/><br/> The following years were marked by a rivalry between the neutralists under Prince Souvanna Phouma, the right wing under Prince Boun Oum of Champassak, and the left-wing Lao Patriotic Front under Prince Souphanouvong and future Prime Minister Kaysone Phomvihane. A number of attempts were made to establish coalition governments, and a 'tri-coalition' government was finally seated in Vientiane.<br/><br/> The fighting in Laos involved the North Vietnamese Army, U.S., Thai, and South Vietnamese forces directly and through irregular proxies in a battle for control over the Laotian Panhandle. The North Vietnamese Army occupied the area for use as the Ho Chi Minh Trail supply corridor and staging area for offensives into South Vietnam. There was a second major theatre of action on and near the northern Plain of Jars.<br/><br/> The North Vietnamese and Pathet Lao emerged victorious in 1975, as part of the general communist victory in Indochina that year.
Edgar 'Pop' Buell was a farmer from Steuben County, Indiana, but following the death of his wife in 1958 he joined the International Voluntary Services, a precursor to the Peace Corps, which offered him a job as an agricultural adviser in Laos. Buell worked in Laos through the Laotian Civil War, organizing relief aid to refugees and isolated villages, before he was forced to flee Laos in the mid-1970s.<br/><br/> He is widely regarded as having been the CIA's main contact with the Hmong anti-communist forces during the Laos 'Secret War' (c. 1964-1973).
The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.<br/><br/> Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6 which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.<br/><br/> While the coup is commonly referred to as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death at Ahmadabad, India, in 1967.
The was born in Tay Ninh Province and raised in the Cao Dai religion. He was trained in military officer school by the Japanese Kempeitai when Japan began using Cao Dai paramilitary troops. By 1945 he was an officer in the Cao Dai militia. In June 1951, The broke from the Cao Dai hierarchy and took about two thousand troops with him to form his own militia, the Lien Minh, devoted to combating both the French and the Viet Minh. The’s forces were implicated in a series of terrorist bombings in Saigon from 1951 to 1953—which were blamed on communists at the time. In 1954, United States military advisor Edward Lansdale, charged with propping up the regime of Ngo Dình Diem, negotiated with The to use his militia to back up Diem and the ARVN. On February 13, 1955, The's troops were officially integrated into the South Vietnamese army, where he assumed the rank of general. He led the Lien Minh on a triumphal march into Saigon. On May 3, 1955, while driving in an open vehicle, The was shot in the back of the head by a sniper. He features prominently in Graham Greene's 1955 novel 'The Quiet American'.
Rightist Hmong General Vang Pao is pictured holding hands with Thai Army Chief of Staff Surakij Mayalab at a site overlooking Hmong–CIA headquarters in Long Tien, Laos. To the left of Mayalab is CIA case officer Burr Smith (with shaven head). The rest of the men in the photo are Thai soldiers who served in Laos with Lao-Hmong forces.<br/><br/> Vang Pao (Hmong: Vaj Pov; 8 December 1929 – 6 January 2011) was a Lieutenant General in the Royal Lao Army and leading figure in the American 'Secret War' in Laos (1964-1973). He was a leader in the Hmong American community in the United States.
The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.<br/><br/> Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6 which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.<br/><br/> While the coup is commonly referred to as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death at Ahmadabad, India, in 1967.
Vang Pao (Hmong: Vaj Pov; 8 December 1929 – 6 January 2011) was a Lieutenant General in the Royal Lao Army and leading figure in the American 'Secret War' in Laos (1964-1973). He was a leader in the Hmong American community in the United States.
Vang Pao (Hmong: Vaj Pov; 8 December 1929 – 6 January 2011) was a Lieutenant General in the Royal Lao Army and leading figure in the American 'Secret War' in Laos (1964-1973). He was a leader in the Hmong American community in the United States.<br/><br/> Touby Lyfoung (1917–1979) was a Hmong political and military leader. Born in 1917 in Nong Het, Laos, he became the first Hmong politician to achieve national prominence. During his long career, which began under French colonial rule and extended to the communist takeover in 1975, he supported the Royal Lao Government and American involvement in the Secret War.
Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 — January 9, 1995) was, along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak, one of the 'Three Princes' who represented respectively the communist (pro-Vietnam), neutralist, and royalist political factions in Laos. He was the figurehead President of Laos from December 1975 to August 1991.<br/><br/> Nicknamed 'The Red Prince', he became the figurehead leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, and upon its successful seizure of power in 1975, he became the first President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (and President of the Supreme People's Assembly), a position which he held until his retirement in 1986.
Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 — January 9, 1995) was, along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak, one of the 'Three Princes' who represented respectively the communist (pro-Vietnam), neutralist, and royalist political factions in Laos. He was the figurehead President of Laos from December 1975 to August 1991.<br/><br/> Nicknamed 'The Red Prince', he became the figurehead leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, and upon its successful seizure of power in 1975, he became the first President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (and President of the Supreme People's Assembly), a position which he held until his retirement in 1986.
Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 — January 9, 1995), along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma (October 7, 1901 — January 10, 1984) and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak (December 12, 1912 - March 17, 1980), were known as the 'Three Princes'. Each represented respectively the communist (pro-Vietnam), neutralist, and royalist political factions in Laos in the 1950s and 60s.
The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.<br/><br/> Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6 which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.<br/><br/> While the coup is commonly referred to as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death at Ahmadabad, India, in 1967.