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Uxmal is an ancient Maya city of the classical period in present-day Mexico. It is considered one of the most important archaeological sites of Maya culture, along with Palenque, Chichen, and Calakmul in Mexico, Caracol and Xunantunich in Belize, and Tikal in Guatemala. It is located in the Puuc region and is considered one of the Mayan cities most representative of the region's dominant architectural style.<br/><br/> It has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in recognition of its significance.
Copán is an archaeological site of the Maya civilization located in the Copan Department of western Honduras, not far from the border with Guatemala. It was the capital city of a major Classic period kingdom from the 5th to 9th centuries CE. The city was located in the extreme southeast of the Mesoamerican cultural region, on the frontier with the Isthmo-Colombian cultural region, and was almost surrounded by non-Maya peoples.<br/><br/> Copan was occupied for more than two thousand years, from the Early Preclassic period to the Postclassic. The city developed a distinctive sculptural style within the tradition of the lowland Maya, perhaps to emphasize the Maya ethnicity of the city's rulers.
Tulum is the site of a pre-Columbian Mayan walled city serving as a major port. The ruins are situated on 12-meter (39 ft) tall cliffs, along the east coast of the Yucatán Peninsula on the Caribbean Sea in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico.<br/><br/> Tulum was one of the last cities built and inhabited by the Maya; it was at its height between the 13th and 15th centuries and managed to survive about 70 years after the Spanish began occupying Mexico. Old World diseases brought by the Spanish settlers appear to have resulted in very high fatalities, disrupting the society and eventually causing the city to be abandoned.
Copán is an archaeological site of the Maya civilization located in the Copan Department of western Honduras, not far from the border with Guatemala. It was the capital city of a major Classic period kingdom from the 5th to 9th centuries CE. The city was located in the extreme southeast of the Mesoamerican cultural region, on the frontier with the Isthmo-Colombian cultural region, and was almost surrounded by non-Maya peoples.<br/><br/> Copan was occupied for more than two thousand years, from the Early Preclassic period to the Postclassic. The city developed a distinctive sculptural style within the tradition of the lowland Maya, perhaps to emphasize the Maya ethnicity of the city's rulers.
Chichen Itza was a large pre-Columbian city built by the Maya people of the Terminal Classic period. The archaeological site is located in Tinum Municipality, Yucatun State, Mexico.
World War I (WWI or WW1 or World War One), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. More than 9 million combatants and 7 million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and tactical stalemate. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, paving the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved.<br/><br/> The war drew in all the world's economic great powers, which were assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the United Kingdom, France and the Russian Empire) and the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. Although Italy had also been a member of the Triple Alliance alongside Germany and Austria-Hungary, it did not join the Central Powers, as Austria-Hungary had taken the offensive against the terms of the alliance.<br/><br/> These alliances were reorganised and expanded as more nations entered the war: Italy, Japan and the United States joined the Allies, and the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria the Central Powers. Ultimately, more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history.
Little is known about Al-Jazari, and most of that comes from the introduction to his ‘Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices’ (Kitab fi ma'rifat al-hiyal al-handasiyya). He was named after the area in which he was born, Al-Jazira, the traditional Arabic name for what was northern Mesopotamia and what is now northwestern Iraq and northeastern Syria, between the Tigris and the Euphrates.
Little is known about Al-Jazari, and most of that comes from the introduction to his ‘Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices’ (Kitab fi ma'rifat al-hiyal al-handasiyya). He was named after the area in which he was born, Al-Jazira, the traditional Arabic name for what was northern Mesopotamia and what is now northwestern Iraq and northeastern Syria, between the Tigris and the Euphrates.
Kija's Tomb is a burial site located on Moran Hill in Pyongyang, North Korea. The tomb is said to be the burial place of the controversial, semi-legendary Shang sage Jizi (Gija in Korean), a member of the Shang imperial family and relative to the tyrannical King Zhou, last ruler of the Shang dynasty.<br/><br/>Jizi allegedly fled China to Korea, where he founded the state of Gija Joseon and eventually succeeded the Dangun as king of Gojoseon. Legend says that Gija brought to the Korean people many skills from China, such as agriculture and weaving; he is also credited with founding the city of Pyongyang.<br/><br/>The site of Gija's burial mound was identified during the Goryeo Dynasty by King Sukjong, who constructed the first mausoleum at the site in 1102 CE. A memorial temple was later added and the mausoleum was enlarged and repaired in 1324 and again in 1355.<br/><br/>In 1570 King Seonjo of Joseon erected a monument at the site requiring all people riding past to dismount out of respect. When Korea was under Japanese rule, the site was heavily promoted as a tourist venue by the Japanese, who tempered Korean ethnic nationalism by pointing out that the first 'Korean' kingdom was founded by a foreigner.<br/><br/>However, the North Korean government denies Gija's existence as a fabrication of the Japanese, and has neglected and defaced the tomb. The tomb was allegedly excavated in the 1960s, which in turn yielded nothing but broken bricks and pottery. The current state of the tomb is unknown, though it is believed to have been destroyed shortly after its excavation. The site was purposefully excluded from the list of National Treasures of North Korea.
The Xiaotang Mountain Han Shrine (Chinese: 孝堂山汉墓祠; pinyin: Xiàotáng Shān Hàn Mù Cí) also known as the Guo Family Ancestral Hall (Chinese: 孝堂山郭氏墓石祠; pinyin: Xiàotángshān Guō Shì Mù Shí Cí, literally 'Xiaotang Mountain Guo Family Tomb Stone Ancestral Hall') is a funerary stone shrine from the early Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220 CE) situated on slopes of the Yellow River valley in the western part of Shandong Province, China.<br/><br/> An odometer for measuring distance was first described by Vitruvius around 27 and 23 BCE, although the actual inventor may have been Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287 BC – c. 212 BCE) during the First Punic War.<br/><br/> The odometer was subsequently developed in ancient China, possibly by the profuse inventor and early scientist Zhang Heng (78 CE – 139 CE) of the Han Dynasty (202 BCE–220 CE). Zhang Heng is often accredited with the invention of the first odometer device in China. By the 3rd century (during the Three Kingdoms Period), the Chinese had termed the device as the 'jì lĭ gŭ chē' (記里鼓車), or 'li-recording drum carriage'.<br/><br/> Chinese texts of the 3rd century tell of the mechanical carriage's functions: As one li (c.500 metres) was traversed, a mechanical-driven wooden figure struck a drum, and when ten li was traversed, another wooden figure struck a gong or a bell with its mechanically-operated arm.