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Makarios III, born Michail Christodoulou Mouskos (August 13, 1913 – August 3, 1977), was the archbishop and primate of the autocephalous Church of Cyprus, a Greek Orthodox Church (1950–1977), and the first President of the Republic of Cyprus (1960–1974 and 1974–1977).<br/><br/> In his three terms as President of Cyprus (1960–1977), he survived four assassination attempts and a 1974 coup.
Nicosia is the largest city on the island of Cyprus and its capital, located near the centre of the Mesaoria plain on the banks of the Pedieos River. Its well-preserved walls mark it as a star fort, built by the Venetians in 1567 due to the fears of an Ottoman invasion, which occurred in 1570.