Refine your search

The results of your search are listed below alongside the search terms you entered on the previous page. You can refine your search by amending any of the parameters in the form and resubmitting it.

Marie Joseph François (Francis) Garnier (Vietnamese: Ngạc Nhi; 25 July 1839 – 21 December 1873) was a French officer and explorer known for his exploration of the Mekong River in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/>

In 1873 Garnier was sent to Tonkin by Admiral Dupré, the governor of Cochinchina, to resolve a dispute between the Vietnamese authorities and the French entrepreneur Jean Dupuis. Persuaded that the time was ripe for a French conquest of Tonkin, Garnier captured Hanoi, the capital of Tonkin, 20 November 1873.<br/><br/>

A few weeks later Liu Yongfu, a soldier of fortune, and 600 Black Flags attacked Hanoi. In the ensuing skirmish Garnier was killed. The French government disavowed Garnier's adventure and hastened to conclude a peace settlement with the Vietnamese.
The Hanoi Opera House is modelled on the Paris Opera designed by Charles Garnier and completed in 1875. It is known in Vietnamese as Nha Hat Lon or ‘Big Song House’ and opened in 1911 incorporating the same grand elements of Garnier’s Napoleonic design. It remains the centrepiece of French architecture not just in Hanoi, but in all of former French Indochina and its presence would grace any city in the world.<br/><br/>

Before the Second World War, the Opera was at the centre of French cultural life in Hanoi. After independence, however, it gradually fell into disrepair. Occasionally Chinese or Russian artistes would appear – perhaps a performance of the militant ballet beloved of Madame Mao, 'The Red Detachment of Women', or a musical recital by a visiting fraternal ensemble from Moscow or Minsk – but by the mid-1980s even these limited cultural exchanges had ceased, and the once grand Hanoi Opera was all but abandoned.<br/><br/>

In 1994, the authorities decided to restore and reopen the Opera in a three-year project costing US$14 million. Today the grandly colonnaded colonial edifice, repainted in mustard yellow and white, and filled with refurbished gilt mirrors and ornate grand stairways, must be every bit as magnificent as on the day it opened in 1911.<br/><br/>

As the Hanoi Opera has grown in confidence and popularity, so it has staged some quite unusual and innovative programmes – for example a version of Christoph Gluck’s two-century old opera Orfeo et Euridice in Vietnamese.
The Hanoi Opera House is modelled on the Paris Opera designed by Charles Garnier and completed in 1875. It is known in Vietnamese as Nha Hat Lon or ‘Big Song House’ and opened in 1911 incorporating the same grand elements of Garnier’s Napoleonic design. It remains the centrepiece of French architecture not just in Hanoi, but in all of former French Indochina and its presence would grace any city in the world.<br/><br/> 

Before the Second World War, the Opera was at the centre of French cultural life in Hanoi. After independence, however, it gradually fell into disrepair. Occasionally Chinese or Russian artistes would appear – perhaps a performance of the militant ballet beloved of Madame Mao, 'The Red Detachment of Women', or a musical recital by a visiting fraternal ensemble from Moscow or Minsk – but by the mid-1980s even these limited cultural exchanges had ceased, and the once grand Hanoi Opera was all but abandoned.<br/><br/>  

In 1994, the authorities decided to restore and reopen the Opera in a three-year project costing US$14 million. Today the grandly colonnaded colonial edifice, repainted in mustard yellow and white, and filled with refurbished gilt mirrors and ornate grand stairways, must be every bit as magnificent as on the day it opened in 1911.<br/><br/>

As the Hanoi Opera has grown in confidence and popularity, so it has staged some quite unusual and innovative programmes – for example a version of Christoph Gluck’s two-century old opera Orfeo et Euridice in Vietnamese.
The Hanoi Opera House is modelled on the Paris Opera designed by Charles Garnier and completed in 1875. It is known in Vietnamese as Nha Hat Lon or ‘Big Song House’ and opened in 1911 incorporating the same grand elements of Garnier’s Napoleonic design. It remains the centrepiece of French architecture not just in Hanoi, but in all of former French Indochina and its presence would grace any city in the world.<br/><br/> 

Before the Second World War, the Opera was at the centre of French cultural life in Hanoi. After independence, however, it gradually fell into disrepair. Occasionally Chinese or Russian artistes would appear – perhaps a performance of the militant ballet beloved of Madame Mao, 'The Red Detachment of Women', or a musical recital by a visiting fraternal ensemble from Moscow or Minsk – but by the mid-1980s even these limited cultural exchanges had ceased, and the once grand Hanoi Opera was all but abandoned.<br/><br/>  

In 1994, the authorities decided to restore and reopen the Opera in a three-year project costing US$14 million. Today the grandly colonnaded colonial edifice, repainted in mustard yellow and white, and filled with refurbished gilt mirrors and ornate grand stairways, must be every bit as magnificent as on the day it opened in 1911.<br/><br/>

As the Hanoi Opera has grown in confidence and popularity, so it has staged some quite unusual and innovative programmes – for example a version of Christoph Gluck’s two-century old opera Orfeo et Euridice in Vietnamese.
The Hanoi Opera House is modelled on the Paris Opera designed by Charles Garnier and completed in 1875. It is known in Vietnamese as Nha Hat Lon or ‘Big Song House’ and opened in 1911 incorporating the same grand elements of Garnier’s Napoleonic design. It remains the centrepiece of French architecture not just in Hanoi, but in all of former French Indochina and its presence would grace any city in the world.<br/><br/> 

Before the Second World War, the Opera was at the centre of French cultural life in Hanoi. After independence, however, it gradually fell into disrepair. Occasionally Chinese or Russian artistes would appear – perhaps a performance of the militant ballet beloved of Madame Mao, 'The Red Detachment of Women', or a musical recital by a visiting fraternal ensemble from Moscow or Minsk – but by the mid-1980s even these limited cultural exchanges had ceased, and the once grand Hanoi Opera was all but abandoned.<br/><br/>  

In 1994, the authorities decided to restore and reopen the Opera in a three-year project costing US$14 million. Today the grandly colonnaded colonial edifice, repainted in mustard yellow and white, and filled with refurbished gilt mirrors and ornate grand stairways, must be every bit as magnificent as on the day it opened in 1911.<br/><br/>

As the Hanoi Opera has grown in confidence and popularity, so it has staged some quite unusual and innovative programmes – for example a version of Christoph Gluck’s two-century old opera Orfeo et Euridice in Vietnamese.
The Hanoi Opera House is modelled on the Paris Opera designed by Charles Garnier and completed in 1875. It is known in Vietnamese as Nha Hat Lon or ‘Big Song House’ and opened in 1911 incorporating the same grand elements of Garnier’s Napoleonic design. It remains the centrepiece of French architecture not just in Hanoi, but in all of former French Indochina and its presence would grace any city in the world.<br/><br/> 

Before the Second World War, the Opera was at the centre of French cultural life in Hanoi. After independence, however, it gradually fell into disrepair. Occasionally Chinese or Russian artistes would appear – perhaps a performance of the militant ballet beloved of Madame Mao, 'The Red Detachment of Women', or a musical recital by a visiting fraternal ensemble from Moscow or Minsk – but by the mid-1980s even these limited cultural exchanges had ceased, and the once grand Hanoi Opera was all but abandoned.<br/><br/>  

In 1994, the authorities decided to restore and reopen the Opera in a three-year project costing US$14 million. Today the grandly colonnaded colonial edifice, repainted in mustard yellow and white, and filled with refurbished gilt mirrors and ornate grand stairways, must be every bit as magnificent as on the day it opened in 1911.<br/><br/>

As the Hanoi Opera has grown in confidence and popularity, so it has staged some quite unusual and innovative programmes – for example a version of Christoph Gluck’s two-century old opera Orfeo et Euridice in Vietnamese.
Marie Joseph François (Francis) Garnier (Vietnamese: Ngạc Nhi; 25 July 1839 – 21 December 1873) was a French officer and explorer known for his exploration of the Mekong River in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/>

In 1873 Garnier was sent to Tonkin by Admiral Dupré, the governor of Cochinchina, to resolve a dispute between the Vietnamese authorities and the French entrepreneur Jean Dupuis. Persuaded that the time was ripe for a French conquest of Tonkin, Garnier captured Hanoi, the capital of Tonkin, 20 November 1873.<br/><br/>

A few weeks later Liu Yongfu, a soldier of fortune, and 600 Black Flags attacked Hanoi. In the ensuing skirmish Garnier was killed. The French government disavowed Garnier's adventure and hastened to conclude a peace settlement with the Vietnamese.
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
This illustration by Louis Delaporte is one of dozens he produced during his two-year venture (1866-68) with the Mekong Exploration Commission sponsored by the French Ministry of the Navy, the intention of which was to lay the groundwork for the expansion of French colonies in Indochina. Traveling the Mekong by boat, the small French delegation voyaged from Saigon to Phnom Penh to Luang Prabang, then farther north into the uncharted waters of Upper Laos and China's Yunnan province, before returning to Hanoi in 1868 by foot, accompanied by porters and elephants.
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
The south gate of Angkor Thom. Angkor Thom (Great City) was established in the 12th century by King Jayavarman VII.
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
The Bayon was originally the official state temple of the Mahayana Buddhist King Jayavarman VII. The Bayon, at the centre of Angkor Thom (Great City), was established in the 12th century by King Jayavarman VII.<br/><br/>

Angkor Thom, meaning ‘The Great City’, is located one mile north of Angkor Wat. It was built in the late 12th century CE by King Jayavarman VII, and covers an area of 9 km², within which are located several monuments from earlier eras as well as those established by Jayavarman and his successors. It is believed to have sustained a population of 80,000-150,000 people.<br/><br/>

At the centre of the city is Jayavarman's state temple, the Bayon, with the other major sites clustered around the Victory Square immediately to the north.<br/><br/>

Angkor Thom was established as the capital of Jayavarman VII's empire, and was the centre of his massive building programme. One inscription found in the city refers to Jayavarman as the groom and the city as his bride.<br/><br/>

Angkor Thom seems not to be the first Khmer capital on the site, however, as Yasodharapura, dating from three centuries earlier, was centred slightly further northwest.<br/><br/>

The last temple known to have been constructed in Angkor Thom was Mangalartha, which was dedicated in 1295. In the following centuries Angkor Thom remained the capital of a kingdom in decline until it was abandoned some time prior to 1609.
Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50). Angkor Wat was built in the early 12th century for King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113-50)
Marie Joseph François (Francis) Garnier (Vietnamese: Ngạc Nhi; 25 July 1839 – 21 December 1873) was a French officer and explorer known for his exploration of the Mekong River in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/>

In 1873 Garnier was sent to Tonkin by Admiral Dupré, the governor of Cochinchina, to resolve a dispute between the Vietnamese authorities and the French entrepreneur Jean Dupuis. Persuaded that the time was ripe for a French conquest of Tonkin, Garnier captured Hanoi, the capital of Tonkin, 20 November 1873.<br/><br/>

A few weeks later Liu Yongfu, a soldier of fortune, and 600 Black Flags attacked Hanoi. In the ensuing skirmish Garnier was killed. The French government disavowed Garnier's adventure and hastened to conclude a peace settlement with the Vietnamese.
Marie Joseph François (Francis) Garnier (Vietnamese: Ngạc Nhi; 25 July 1839 – 21 December 1873) was a French officer and explorer known for his exploration of the Mekong River in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/>

In 1873 Garnier was sent to Tonkin by Admiral Dupré, the governor of Cochinchina, to resolve a dispute between the Vietnamese authorities and the French entrepreneur Jean Dupuis. Persuaded that the time was ripe for a French conquest of Tonkin, Garnier captured Hanoi, the capital of Tonkin, 20 November 1873.<br/><br/>

A few weeks later Liu Yongfu, a soldier of fortune, and 600 Black Flags attacked Hanoi. In the ensuing skirmish Garnier was killed. The French government disavowed Garnier's adventure and hastened to conclude a peace settlement with the Vietnamese.