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Abu ʿAlī al-Husayn ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn Sīna (c. 980, Afshana near Bukhara – 1037, Hamadan, Iran), commonly known as Ibn Sīna or by his Latinized name Avicenna, was a Persian polymath, who wrote almost 450 treatises on a wide range of subjects, of which around 240 have survived. In particular, 150 of his surviving treatises concentrate on philosophy and 40 of them concentrate on medicine.<br/><br/> His most famous works are <i>The Book of Healing</i>, a vast philosophical and scientific encyclopaedia, and <i>The Canon of Medicine</i>, which was a standard medical text at many medieval universities. <i>The Canon of Medicine</i> was used as a text-book in the universities of Montpellier and Leuven as late as 1650. Ibn Sīna's <i>Canon of Medicine</i> provides a complete system of medicine according to the principles of Galen and Hippocrates.<br/><br/> His corpus also includes writing on philosophy, astronomy, alchemy, geology, psychology, Islamic theology, logic, mathematics, physics, as well as poetry. He is regarded as the most famous and influential polymath of the Islamic Golden Age.
Hamadān or Hamedān (Persian: همدان, Old Persian: Hagmatana, Ancient Greek: Ecbatana) is the capital city of Hamadan Province of Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 473,149, in 127,812 families.<br/><br/> Hamedan is believed to be among the oldest Iranian cities and one of the oldest in the world. It is possible that it was occupied by the Assyrians in 1100 BCE; the Ancient Greek historian, Herodotus, states that it was the capital of the Medes, around 700 BCE.