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Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (3 May 1469 – 21 June 1527) was a Florentine historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher, humanist, and writer during the Renaissance. He was for many years an official in the Florentine Republic, with responsibilities in diplomatic and military affairs.<br/><br/> Macchiavelli was a founder of modern political science, and more specifically political ethics. He also wrote comedies, carnival songs, and poetry. His personal correspondence is renowned in the Italian language. He was Secretary to the Second Chancery of the Republic of Florence from 1498 to 1512, when the Medici were out of power.<br/><br/> He wrote his masterpiece, The Prince, after the Medici had recovered power and he no longer held a position of responsibility in Florence. His views on the importance of a strong ruler who was not afraid to be harsh with his subjects and enemies were most likely influenced by the Italian city-states, which due to a lack of unification were very vulnerable to other unified nation-states, such as France.
Giovanni Boccaccio (1313 – 21 December 1375) was an Italian writer, poet, correspondent of Petrarch, and an important Renaissance humanist. Boccaccio wrote a number of notable works, including <i>The Decameron</i> and <i>On Famous Women</i>. He wrote his imaginative literature mostly in the Italian vernacular, as well as other works in Latin, and is particularly noted for his realistic dialogue which differed from that of his contemporaries, medieval writers who usually followed formulaic models for character and plot.
Francesco Petrarca (July 20, 1304 – July 19, 1374), commonly anglicized as Petrarch, was an Italian scholar and poet in Renaissance Italy, and one of the earliest humanists.<br/><br/> Petrarch's rediscovery of Cicero's letters is often credited for initiating the 14th-century Renaissance. Petrarch is often considered the founder of Humanism.
Leon Battista Alberti (February 14, 1404 – April 25, 1472) was an Italian humanist author, artist, architect, poet, priest, linguist, philosopher and cryptographer; he epitomised the Renaissance Man.
Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (3 May 1469 – 21 June 1527) was a Florentine historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher, humanist, and writer during the Renaissance. He was for many years an official in the Florentine Republic, with responsibilities in diplomatic and military affairs.<br/><br/> Macchiavelli was a founder of modern political science, and more specifically political ethics. He also wrote comedies, carnival songs, and poetry. His personal correspondence is renowned in the Italian language. He was Secretary to the Second Chancery of the Republic of Florence from 1498 to 1512, when the Medici were out of power.<br/><br/> He wrote his masterpiece, <i>The Prince</i>, after the Medici had recovered power and he no longer held a position of responsibility in Florence. His views on the importance of a strong ruler who was not afraid to be harsh with his subjects and enemies were most likely influenced by the Italian city-states, which due to a lack of unification were very vulnerable to other unified nation-states, such as France.
Walter 'Walt' Whitman (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist and journalist. A humanist, he was a part of the transition between transcendentalism and realism, incorporating both views in his works.<br/><br/> Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon, often called the father of free verse. His work was very controversial in its time, particularly his poetry collection Leaves of Grass, which was considered obscene by some for its overt sexuality.
Walter 'Walt' Whitman (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist and journalist. A humanist, he was a part of the transition between transcendentalism and realism, incorporating both views in his works.<br/><br/> Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon, often called the father of free verse. His work was very controversial in its time, particularly his poetry collection 'Leaves of Grass', which was considered obscene by some for its overt sexuality.
Walter 'Walt' Whitman (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist and journalist. A humanist, he was a part of the transition between transcendentalism and realism, incorporating both views in his works.<br/><br/> Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon, often called the father of free verse. His work was very controversial in its time, particularly his poetry collection 'Leaves of Grass', which was considered obscene by some for its overt sexuality.
Johannes Lepsius (15 December 1858, Potsdam, Germany – 3 February 1926, Meran, Italy) was a German Protestant missionary, Orientalist, and humanist.<br/><br/> During World War I he published his work 'Bericht über die Lage des armenischen Volkes in der Türkei' ('Report on the situation of the Armenian People in Turkey') in which he meticulously documented and condemned the Armenian Genocide. A second edition included an interview with Enver Pasha, one of the chief architects of the genocide.<br/><br/> Lepsius had to publish the report secretly because Turkey was an ally of the German Empire and the official military censorship soon forbade the publication because it feared that it would affront the strategically important Turkish ally. However Lepsius managed to distribute more than 20,000 copies of the report.<br/><br/> Today, the intellectual heritage of Johannes Lepsius was collected by the German church historian Hermann Goltz, who installed the 'Johannes Lepsius Archive' in Halle upon Saale with Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg.
Johannes Lepsius (15 December 1858, Potsdam, Germany – 3 February 1926, Meran, Italy) was a German Protestant missionary, Orientalist, and humanist.<br/><br/> During World War I he published his work 'Bericht über die Lage des armenischen Volkes in der Türkei' ('Report on the situation of the Armenian People in Turkey') in which he meticulously documented and condemned the Armenian Genocide. A second edition included an interview with Enver Pasha, one of the chief architects of the genocide.<br/><br/> Lepsius had to publish the report secretly because Turkey was an ally of the German Empire and the official military censorship soon forbade the publication because it feared that it would affront the strategically important Turkish ally. However Lepsius managed to distribute more than 20,000 copies of the report.<br/><br/> Today, the intellectual heritage of Johannes Lepsius was collected by the German church historian Hermann Goltz, who installed the 'Johannes Lepsius Archive' in Halle upon Saale with Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg.
Johannes Lepsius (15 December 1858, Potsdam, Germany – 3 February 1926, Meran, Italy) was a German Protestant missionary, Orientalist, and humanist.<br/><br/> During World War I he published his work 'Bericht über die Lage des armenischen Volkes in der Türkei' ('Report on the situation of the Armenian People in Turkey') in which he meticulously documented and condemned the Armenian Genocide. A second edition included an interview with Enver Pasha, one of the chief architects of the genocide.<br/><br/> Lepsius had to publish the report secretly because Turkey was an ally of the German Empire and the official military censorship soon forbade the publication because it feared that it would affront the strategically important Turkish ally. However Lepsius managed to distribute more than 20,000 copies of the report.<br/><br/> Today, the intellectual heritage of Johannes Lepsius was collected by the German church historian Hermann Goltz, who installed the 'Johannes Lepsius Archive' in Halle upon Saale with Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg.