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Changxi is a Chinese lunar deity worshipped in traditional Chinese folk religion. An ancient goddess form ancient times, the earliest historical information on Changxi came from the first copies of 'Shan Hai Jing', which have existed since the 4th century BCE.<br/><br/> Alongside the sun goddess Xihe, Changxi was one of the two wives of Di Jun, God of the Eastern Heaven. She gave birth to twelve moon daughters, who would each complete a full journey across the heavens every night. Her significance in the Chinese pantheon would wane over time, until she was 'demoted to a minor position'.<br/><br/> Changxi and Xihe are a representation of Yin and Yang, with Xihe's ten suns and Changxi's twelve moons reflecting the Chinese solar and lunar calenders.
Xihe, Mother of the Suns, was a solar deity from Chinese mythology and Chinese folk religion. Alongside Changxi, she was one of the two wives of Di Jun, God of the Eastern Heaven, and the mother of the ten three-legged sunbirds who lived in a mulberry tree in the East Sea known as the Fusang.<br/><br/> Every day, one of her sunbirds would travel with her on her sun chariot, pulled by a dragon-horse (kirin). Together they would bring light to the mortal world, but one day the sunbirds became restless and mischievous, and all left the Fusang at once. This resulted in great calamity throughout the earth, leading to the divine archer Houyi shooting down all but one of Xihe's errant offspring.
Li Jing, also known by his title of 'Pagoda-Bearing Heavenly King Li', is a Chinese mythical figure and god, father of the famed deity Nezha. Li Jing is noted for carrying a tower with which he could capture any spirit, demon or god within its walls.<br/><br/> Li Jing appears in classic Ming Dynasty novels 'Journey to the West' and 'Fengshen Yanyi', the latter giving his origin as being a renowned officer during the Shang Dynasty, commanding Old Pond Pass. He was married to Lady Yin, and had three sons, Jinzha, Muzha and Nezha. He had an especially rocky relationship with Nezha, whose short-temper and disobedience would cause much chaos and trouble in the future, especially after he upset the Dragon King Ao Guang.<br/><br/> The two would later fight after Li Jing burned down Nezha's sacrificial temple in anger, causing the latter to try and kill his father after he reincarnated. Li Jing, with his mortal body, could not stand up to Nezha's immortal strength, and he fled. Even his other sons could not stand against Nezha, and he was eventually saved by the interventions of Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun, a 'superiorman' and teacher to Li Jing's first son, and Randeng Daoren, also a 'superiorman'. Nezha was forced to submit to Li Jing after Randeng Daoren taught Li Jing how to use the golden tower that would become synonymous with him.
Zeng Jing (Tseng Ching, ca. 1564-1647) was a Chinese painter during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644). He was best known as a portrait painter.<br/><br/> Zeng was born in Putian in Fujian province. He lived and worked in Nanjing, but also moved around Hangzhou, Wuzhen, Ningbo, Songjiang, and other cities.<br/><br/> Zeng Jing painted using subtle light and shade, and he was considered by many critics as being significant for his assimilation of illusionist concave and convex method of western oil painting. A common feature of his portraiture is the presence of large areas of empty spaces surrounding the figure.
Pipa Jing was a fictional character in the Ming Dynasty novel 'Fengshen Yanyi'. She was a <i>yaojing</i> (demon/spirit) changed from a jade pipa (musical instrument), summoned by the Chinese goddess Nuwa to bring chaos to the Shang Dynasty after King Zhou of Shang insulted her within her own temple.<br/><br/> Alongside two other spectres, Su Daji and Jiutou Zhiji Jing, Pipa Jing changed her form to that of an exceptionally attractive young woman and went to bewitch King Zhou and the people of Shang. She was killed when she tried to get her fortune read by Jiang Ziya, a Chinese nobleman. Sensing that Pipa Jing actually was an evil spirit, he exposed her for what she really was and killed her by unleashing a 'triple divine fire', combined with 'shattering lightning'.<br/><br/> Pipa Jing was eventually revived five years later by Su Daji, after the vixen spirit gathered the essence of both moon and sun and combined them.
Jiutou Zhiji Jing is a fictional character from the classic Ming Dynasty novel 'Fengshen Yanyi'. A <i>yaojing</i> (spirit/demon), she was changed from a pheasant with nine heads to a seductive young woman by the goddess Nuwa, and tasked to create chaos for King Zhou of Shang after he had insulted Nuwa.<br/><br/> Alongside spectres Pipa Jing and Su Daji, Jiutou Zhiji Jing was sent to bewitch and cause havoc for the people of Shang. During a banquet, she and her fellow fox spirits' true forms were revealed and their homes were set alight, killing all of them except for Zhiji Jing, who fled to the mountains and managed to survive. She was eventually found by Su Daji and returned to Zhaoge, the capital city of Shang, in an even more beautiful form. There, she and Su Daji bewitched and became King Zhou's personal consorts.
Zeng Jing (Tseng Ching, ca. 1564-1647) was a Chinese painter during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644). He was best known as a portrait painter.<br/><br/> Zeng was born in Putian in Fujian province. He lived and worked in Nanjing, but also moved around Hangzhou, Wuzhen, Ningbo, Songjiang, and other cities.<br/><br/> Zeng Jing painted using subtle light and shade, and he was considered by many critics as being significant for his assimilation of illusionist concave and convex method of western oil painting. A common feature of his portraiture is the presence of large areas of empty spaces surrounding the figure.
Li Gonglin, style name Boshi, pseudonym Longmian Jushi (Householder of Sleeping Dragon), was a Chinese painter, civil officer and archaeologist in the Northern Song Dynasty.<br/><br/> Born into a scholarly home near what is modern day Lu'an City, Li Gonglin passed the highest level of civil service examinations at 21 and became a civil officer. He became famous for his paintings of horses, then he turned to Buddhist and Daoist religious painting, as well as portraits and landscapes. His painting style was attributed to the style of Gu Kaizhi and Wu Daozi.
The Zhou Bi Suan Jing, or Chou Pei Suan Ching, is one of the oldest Chinese mathematical texts. 'Zhou' refers to the ancient Zhou dynasty (c. 1046 - 256 BCE) 'Bi' refers to the gnomon of a sundial.<br/><br/> The study is an anonymous collection of 246 problems encountered by the Duke of Zhou and his astronomer and mathematician, Shang Gao. Each question has stated their numerical answer and corresponding arithmetic algorithm. The <i>Zhoubi suanjing</i> contains one of the first recorded proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem.
Empress Xiao Jing Cheng was a concubine of the Daoguang Emperor, mother of Prince Yixin, also known as Prince Gong, and foster mother of Prince Yizhu the Xianfeng Emperor. Empress Xiao Jing Cheng née Borjigit was a Mongol. Her family were descendants of Genghis Khan, who ruled the Mongol Empire in the early thirteenth century. At the time of her birth her family belonged to one of the Mongol banners but in 1855 they entered the Manchu Plain Yellow Banner Corps.
Empress Jing Xian came from the Manchu Yellow banner Ulanara clan. The Ulanara Empress was the daughter of Fiyanggu and was the first Empress Consort of the Qing Dynasty Yongzheng Emperor of China. Empress Xiao Jing Xian was probably born in the twentieth year of Emperor Kangxi's reign. It is written in the memoirs of a court attendant that in 1731 they celebrated the Ulanara Empress's fiftieth birthday.
Empress Xiao Jing Cheng was a concubine of the Daoguang Emperor, mother of Prince Yixin, also known as Prince Gong, and foster mother of Prince Yizhu the Xianfeng Emperor. Empress Xiao Jing Cheng née Borjigit was a Mongol. Her family were descendants of Genghis Khan, who ruled the Mongol Empire in the early thirteenth century. At the time of her birth her family belonged to one of the Mongol banners but in 1855 they entered the Manchu Plain Yellow Banner Corps.
Empress Jing Xian came from the Manchu Yellow banner Ulanara clan. The Ulanara Empress was the daughter of Fiyanggu and was the first Empress Consort of the Qing Dynasty Yongzheng Emperor of China. Empress Xiao Jing Xian was probably born in the twentieth year of Emperor Kangxi's reign. It is written in the memoirs of a court attendant that in 1731 they celebrated the Ulanara Empress's fiftieth birthday.
Jing'an Temple, literally 'Temple of Peace and Tranquility', is a Buddhist temple on West Nanjing Road (formerly 'Bubbling Well Road.), in Jing'an District, Shanghai, China. The first temple was built in 247 AD, at the time of the Kingdom of Wu, during the Three Kingdoms period. Originally located beside Suzhou Creek, it was relocated to its current site in 1216 during the Song Dynasty. The current temple was rebuilt once in the Qing Dynasty. It has recently undergone further renovation.