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'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BCE in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BCE in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
Aleppo's Great Bazaar (in Arabic, <i>suq</i> or <i>souq</i>) as we know it today was rebuilt first by the Egyptian Mamelukes who drove out the Mongols, and then, after 1516, by the Turks who incorporated Aleppo into the Ottoman Empire.<br/><br/> During the Syrian Civil War, which started in 2011, Aleppo's historic <i>suqs</i> suffered serious damage.<br/><br/> Aleppo, the second city of Syria and quite possibly the longest continually inhabited settlement in the world, is of venerable age. So old, indeed, that its Arabic name, Halab, is first mentioned in Semitic texts of the third millennium BCE. Situated in the north-west of the country, just a few kilometres from the Turkish frontier, Aleppo is located at the confluence of several great trade routes and, as a city of commerce, has always been rich.
Aleppo's Great Bazaar (in Arabic, <i>suq</i> or <i>souq</i>) as we know it today was rebuilt first by the Egyptian Mamelukes who drove out the Mongols, and then, after 1516, by the Turks who incorporated Aleppo into the Ottoman Empire.<br/><br/> During the Syrian Civil War, which started in 2011, Aleppo's historic <i>suqs</i> suffered serious damage.<br/><br/> Aleppo, the second city of Syria and quite possibly the longest continually inhabited settlement in the world, is of venerable age. So old, indeed, that its Arabic name, Halab, is first mentioned in Semitic texts of the third millennium BCE. Situated in the north-west of the country, just a few kilometres from the Turkish frontier, Aleppo is located at the confluence of several great trade routes and, as a city of commerce, has always been rich.
The Tashrih al-aqvam ('An Account of Origins and Occupations of Some of the Sects, Castes, and Tribes of India') was completed in 1825. The text, a summary of the Vedas and Shastras, translated into Persian by Colonel James Skinner (1778–1841), is a survey of both Hindu and Muslim occupational groups and religious mendicants in the Delhi region and begins with an account of the house of Timur down to Akbar II (r. 1806–37).<br/><br/> Skinner commissioned Delhi artists to illustrate the album, the chief of them being Ghulam Ali Khan. The artist accompanied Skinner on his travels, and the watercolor portraits are probably all studies from life.
The Tashrih al-aqvam ('An Account of Origins and Occupations of Some of the Sects, Castes, and Tribes of India') was completed in 1825. The text, a summary of the Vedas and Shastras, translated into Persian by Colonel James Skinner (1778–1841), is a survey of both Hindu and Muslim occupational groups and religious mendicants in the Delhi region and begins with an account of the house of Timur down to Akbar II (r. 1806–37).<br/><br/> Skinner commissioned Delhi artists to illustrate the album, the chief of them being Ghulam Ali Khan. The artist accompanied Skinner on his travels, and the watercolor portraits are probably all studies from life.
Kristallnacht or 'Crystal Night', also referred to as the Night of Broken Glass, was a pogrom against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and Austria that took place on 9–10 November 1938, carried out by SA (Sturmabteilung or Brownshirts) paramilitary forces and German civilians.<br/><br/> German authorities looked on without intervening. The name Kristallnacht comes from the shards of broken glass that littered the streets after Jewish-owned stores, buildings, and synagogues had their windows smashed.
Saint Cuthbert (c. 634 – 20 March 687) was an Anglo-Saxon monk, bishop and hermit, associated with the monasteries of Melrose and Lindisfarne in the Kingdom of Northumbria. After his death he became one of the most important medieval saints of England, with a cult centred at Durham Cathedral. Cuthbert is regarded as the patron saint of northern England. His feast day is 20 March.<br/><br/> He grew up near the new offshoot from Lindisfarne at Melrose Abbey, which is today in Scotland but was then in Northumbria. He had decided to become a monk after seeing a vision on the night in 651 that St Aidan, the founder of Lindisfarne, died, but seems to have seen some military service first. He was quickly made guest-master at the new monastery at Ripon, soon after 655, but had to return with Eata to Melrose when Wilfrid was given the monastery instead. About 662 he was made prior at Melrose, and around 665 went as prior to Lindisfarne. In 684 he was made bishop of Lindisfarne but by late 686 resigned and returned to his hermitage as he felt he was about to die, although he was probably only in his early 50s.
Saint Cuthbert (c. 634 – 20 March 687) was an Anglo-Saxon monk, bishop and hermit, associated with the monasteries of Melrose and Lindisfarne in the Kingdom of Northumbria. After his death he became one of the most important medieval saints of England, with a cult centred at Durham Cathedral. Cuthbert is regarded as the patron saint of northern England. His feast day is 20 March.<br/><br/> He grew up near the new offshoot from Lindisfarne at Melrose Abbey, which is today in Scotland but was then in Northumbria. He had decided to become a monk after seeing a vision on the night in 651 that St Aidan, the founder of Lindisfarne, died, but seems to have seen some military service first. He was quickly made guest-master at the new monastery at Ripon, soon after 655, but had to return with Eata to Melrose when Wilfrid was given the monastery instead.<br/><br/> About 662 he was made prior at Melrose, and around 665 went as prior to Lindisfarne. In 684 he was made bishop of Lindisfarne but by late 686 resigned and returned to his hermitage as he felt he was about to die, although he was probably only in his early 50s.
Hand-coloured illustration from a Japanese miscellany on traditional trades, crafts and customs in mid-18th century Japan, dated Meiwa Era (1764-1772) Year 6 (c. 1770 CE).
Saint Cuthbert (c. 634 – 20 March 687) was an Anglo-Saxon monk, bishop and hermit, associated with the monasteries of Melrose and Lindisfarne in the Kingdom of Northumbria. After his death he became one of the most important medieval saints of England, with a cult centred at Durham Cathedral. Cuthbert is regarded as the patron saint of northern England. His feast day is 20 March.<br/><br/> He grew up near the new offshoot from Lindisfarne at Melrose Abbey, which is today in Scotland but was then in Northumbria. He had decided to become a monk after seeing a vision on the night in 651 that St Aidan, the founder of Lindisfarne, died, but seems to have seen some military service first. He was quickly made guest-master at the new monastery at Ripon, soon after 655, but had to return with Eata to Melrose when Wilfrid was given the monastery instead. About 662 he was made prior at Melrose, and around 665 went as prior to Lindisfarne. In 684 he was made bishop of Lindisfarne but by late 686 resigned and returned to his hermitage as he felt he was about to die, although he was probably only in his early 50s.
The earliest mention of Kashgar occurs when a Chinese Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) envoy traveled the Northern Silk Road to explore lands to the west.<br/><br/> Another early mention of Kashgar is during the Former Han (also known as the Western Han Dynasty), when in 76 BCE the Chinese conquered the Xiongnu, Yutian (Khotan), Sulei (Kashgar), and a group of states in the Tarim basin almost up to the foot of the Tian Shan mountains.<br/><br/> Ptolemy spoke of Scythia beyond the Imaus, which is in a 'Kasia Regio', probably exhibiting the name from which Kashgar is formed.<br/><br/> The country’s people practised Zoroastrianism and Buddhism before the coming of Islam. The celebrated Old Uighur prince Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan converted to Islam late in the 10th century and his Uighur kingdom lasted until 1120 but was distracted by complicated dynastic struggles.<br/><br/> The Uighurs employed an alphabet based upon the Syriac and borrowed from the Nestorian, but after converting to Islam widely used also an Arabic script. They spoke a dialect of Turkic preserved in the Kudatku Bilik, a moral treatise composed in 1065.
The earliest mention of Kashgar occurs when a Chinese Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) envoy traveled the Northern Silk Road to explore lands to the west.<br/><br/> Another early mention of Kashgar is during the Former Han (also known as the Western Han Dynasty), when in 76 BCE the Chinese conquered the Xiongnu, Yutian (Khotan), Sulei (Kashgar), and a group of states in the Tarim basin almost up to the foot of the Tian Shan mountains.<br/><br/> Ptolemy spoke of Scythia beyond the Imaus, which is in a 'Kasia Regio', probably exhibiting the name from which Kashgar is formed.<br/><br/> The country’s people practised Zoroastrianism and Buddhism before the coming of Islam. The celebrated Old Uighur prince Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan converted to Islam late in the 10th century and his Uighur kingdom lasted until 1120 but was distracted by complicated dynastic struggles.<br/><br/> The Uighurs employed an alphabet based upon the Syriac and borrowed from the Nestorian, but after converting to Islam widely used also an Arabic script. They spoke a dialect of Turkic preserved in the Kudatku Bilik, a moral treatise composed in 1065.
The earliest mention of Kashgar occurs when a Chinese Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) envoy traveled the Northern Silk Road to explore lands to the west.<br/><br/> Another early mention of Kashgar is during the Former Han (also known as the Western Han Dynasty), when in 76 BCE the Chinese conquered the Xiongnu, Yutian (Khotan), Sulei (Kashgar), and a group of states in the Tarim basin almost up to the foot of the Tian Shan mountains.<br/><br/> Ptolemy spoke of Scythia beyond the Imaus, which is in a 'Kasia Regio', probably exhibiting the name from which Kashgar is formed.<br/><br/> The country’s people practised Zoroastrianism and Buddhism before the coming of Islam. The celebrated Old Uighur prince Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan converted to Islam late in the 10th century and his Uighur kingdom lasted until 1120 but was distracted by complicated dynastic struggles.<br/><br/> The Uighurs employed an alphabet based upon the Syriac and borrowed from the Nestorian, but after converting to Islam widely used also an Arabic script. They spoke a dialect of Turkic preserved in the Kudatku Bilik, a moral treatise composed in 1065.
The earliest mention of Kashgar occurs when a Chinese Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) envoy traveled the Northern Silk Road to explore lands to the west.<br/><br/> Another early mention of Kashgar is during the Former Han (also known as the Western Han Dynasty), when in 76 BCE the Chinese conquered the Xiongnu, Yutian (Khotan), Sulei (Kashgar), and a group of states in the Tarim basin almost up to the foot of the Tian Shan mountains.<br/><br/> Ptolemy spoke of Scythia beyond the Imaus, which is in a 'Kasia Regio', probably exhibiting the name from which Kashgar is formed.<br/><br/> The country’s people practised Zoroastrianism and Buddhism before the coming of Islam. The celebrated Old Uighur prince Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan converted to Islam late in the 10th century and his Uighur kingdom lasted until 1120 but was distracted by complicated dynastic struggles.<br/><br/> The Uighurs employed an alphabet based upon the Syriac and borrowed from the Nestorian, but after converting to Islam widely used also an Arabic script. They spoke a dialect of Turkic preserved in the Kudatku Bilik, a moral treatise composed in 1065.
Aleppo's Great Bazaar (in Arabic, <i>suq</i> or <i>souq</i>) as we know it today was rebuilt first by the Egyptian Mamelukes who drove out the Mongols, and then, after 1516, by the Turks who incorporated Aleppo into the Ottoman Empire.<br/><br/> During the Syrian Civil War, which started in 2011, Aleppo's historic <i>suqs</i> suffered serious damage.<br/><br/> Aleppo, the second city of Syria and quite possibly the longest continually inhabited settlement in the world, is of venerable age. So old, indeed, that its Arabic name, Halab, is first mentioned in Semitic texts of the third millennium BCE. Situated in the north-west of the country, just a few kilometres from the Turkish frontier, Aleppo is located at the confluence of several great trade routes and, as a city of commerce, has always been rich.
Hand-coloured illustration from a Japanese miscellany on traditional trades, crafts and customs in mid-18th century Japan, dated Meiwa Era (1764-1772) Year 6 (c. 1770 CE).
Ogawa Kazumasa (September 29, 1860 - September 6, 1929), also known as Ogawa Kazuma or Ogawa Isshin, was a Japanese photographer, chemigrapher, printer and publisher of the Meiji era. He was a pioneer in photomechanical printing and photography, and was born into the Matsudaira samurai clan, where he studied English and photography at the age of 15.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.
'Nang talung' is the shadow puppet theatre popular in southern Thailand. It is an art form said to have originated as early as 400 BC in Southeast Asia.<br/><br/> Performances usually last well into the night and remain an essential if diminishing part of village life in Thailand's Deep South.<br/><br/>‘Nang’ means ‘animal hide’, from which the figures are cut. ‘Talung’ refers to Phatthalung, a town in southern Thailand where the art form is said to have originated. It is the task of a single skilled person, the 'nai nag' or ‘puppet master’, to create the whole show. Sitting behind an illuminated screen, he maneuvers up to six puppets per scene.<br/><br/> The changing tone of the puppeteers voice differentiates between the characters, while a band of musicians adds tension to the story. While the more formal 'nang yai' is based on the Hindu epic the Ramayana – known as the Ramakien in Thai – 'nang talung' takes its inspiration from everyday life.