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The Plaza Mayor was first built (1580–1619) during Philip III's reign. The plaza as we see it today was the work of the Spanish architect Juan de Villanueva (1739 - 1811) who reconstructed the plaza in 1790.
Philip III (14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. He was also, as Philip II, King of Portugal, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia and Duke of Milan from 1598 until his death.<br/><br/> The Plaza Mayor was first built (1580–1619) during Philip III's reign. The plaza as we see it today was the work of the Spanish architect Juan de Villanueva (1739 - 1811) who reconstructed the plaza in 1790.
Philip III (14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. He was also, as Philip II, King of Portugal, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia and Duke of Milan from 1598 until his death.<br/><br/> The Plaza Mayor was first built (1580–1619) during Philip III's reign. The plaza as we see it today was the work of the Spanish architect Juan de Villanueva (1739 - 1811) who reconstructed the plaza in 1790.
Philip III (14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. He was also, as Philip II, King of Portugal, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia and Duke of Milan from 1598 until his death.<br/><br/> The Plaza Mayor was first built (1580–1619) during Philip III's reign. The plaza as we see it today was the work of the Spanish architect Juan de Villanueva (1739 - 1811) who reconstructed the plaza in 1790.
Philip III (14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. He was also, as Philip II, King of Portugal, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia and Duke of Milan from 1598 until his death.<br/><br/> The Plaza Mayor was first built (1580–1619) during Philip III's reign. The plaza as we see it today was the work of the Spanish architect Juan de Villanueva (1739 - 1811) who reconstructed the plaza in 1790.
The Plaza Mayor was first built (1580–1619) during Philip III's reign. The plaza as we see it today was the work of the Spanish architect Juan de Villanueva (1739 - 1811) who reconstructed the plaza in 1790.
The Plaza Mayor was first built (1580–1619) during Philip III's reign. The plaza as we see it today was the work of the Spanish architect Juan de Villanueva (1739 - 1811) who reconstructed the plaza in 1790.
Abdullah Ocalan is one of the founding members of the militant organization the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in 1978, which is listed as a terrorist organization internationally by some states and organizations, including NATO, the United States and the European Union.<br/><br/>Öcalan was arrested in 1999 by the CIA and Turkish security forces in Nairobi and taken to Turkey, where he was sentenced to death under Article 125 of the Turkish Penal Code, which concerns the formation of armed gangs. The sentence was commuted to aggravated life imprisonment when Turkey abolished the death penalty in support of its bid to be admitted to membership in the European Union. <br/><br/> From 1999 until 2009, he was the sole prisoner on İmralı island, in the Sea of Marmara. Ocalan has acknowledged the violent nature of the PKK, but says that the period of armed warfare was over and that a political solution to the Kurdish question should be developed. The conflict between Turkey and the PKK has resulted in over 40,000 deaths, including PKK members, the Turkish military, and civilians, both Kurdish and Turkish.
The Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition (Spanish: <i>Tribunal del Santo Oficio de la Inquisicion</i>), commonly known as the Spanish Inquisition (<i>Inquisicion espanola</i>), was established in 1478 by Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile.<br/><br/> The Inquisition was originally intended primarily to ensure the orthodoxy of those who converted from Judaism and Islam. The regulation of the faith of the newly converted was intensified after the royal decrees issued in 1492 and 1502 ordering Jews and Muslims to convert or leave Spain.<br/><br/> The Inquisition was not definitively abolished until 1834, during the reign of Isabella II, after a period of declining influence in the preceding century.
Recep Tayyip Erdogan (born 26 February 1954) is the 12th and current President of Turkey, in office since 2014. He previously served as the Prime Minister of Turkey from 2003 to 2014 and as the Mayor of Istanbul from 1994 to 1998.<br/><br/> Originating from an Islamic political background and claiming to be a conservative democrat, his administration has overseen liberal economic and socially conservative policies.
Abdullah Ocalan is one of the founding members of the militant organization the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in 1978, which is listed as a terrorist organization internationally by some states and organizations, including NATO, the United States and the European Union.<br/><br/>Öcalan was arrested in 1999 by the CIA and Turkish security forces in Nairobi and taken to Turkey, where he was sentenced to death under Article 125 of the Turkish Penal Code, which concerns the formation of armed gangs. The sentence was commuted to aggravated life imprisonment when Turkey abolished the death penalty in support of its bid to be admitted to membership in the European Union. <br/><br/> From 1999 until 2009, he was the sole prisoner on İmralı island, in the Sea of Marmara. Ocalan has acknowledged the violent nature of the PKK, but says that the period of armed warfare was over and that a political solution to the Kurdish question should be developed. The conflict between Turkey and the PKK has resulted in over 40,000 deaths, including PKK members, the Turkish military, and civilians, both Kurdish and Turkish.
Chen Yi (August 26, 1901 - January 6, 1972) was a Chinese communist military commander and politician. He served as the 2nd Mayor of Shanghai and the 2nd Foreign Minister of China.<br/><br/> Shanghai began life as a fishing village, and later as a port receiving goods carried down the Yangzi River. From 1842 onwards, in the aftermath of the first Opium War, the British opened a ‘concession’ in Shanghai where drug dealers and other traders could operate undisturbed. French, Italians, Germans, Americans and Japanese all followed. By the 1920s and 1930s, Shanghai was a boom town and an international byword for dissipation. When the Communists won power in 1949, they transformed Shanghai into a model of the Revolution.
Palestine (Arabic: فلسطين‎ Filasṭīn, Falasṭīn, Filisṭīn; Greek: Παλαιστίνη, Palaistinē; Latin: Palaestina; Hebrew: פלשתינה Palestina) is a name given to the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. The region is also known as the Land of Israel (Hebrew: ארץ־ישראל Eretz-Yisra'el), the Holy Land and the Southern Levant.<br/><br/> In 1832 Palestine was conquered by Muhammad Ali's Egypt, but in 1840 Britain intervened and returned control of the Levant to the Ottomans in return for further capitulations. The end of the 19th century saw the beginning of Zionist immigration and the Revival of the Hebrew language. The movement was publicly supported by Great Britain during World War I with the Balfour Declaration of 1917. The British captured Jerusalem a month later, and were formally awarded a mandate in 1922.<br/><br/> In 1947, following World War II and the Holocaust, the British Government announced their desire to terminate the Mandate, and the United Nations General Assembly voted to partition the territory into a Jewish state and an Arab state. The Jewish leadership accepted the proposal but the Arab Higher Committee rejected it; a civil war began immediately, and the State of Israel was declared in 1948.<br/><br/> The 1948 Palestinian exodus, known in Arabic as the Nakba (Arabic: النكبة‎, an-Nakbah, 'The Catastrophe') occurred when approximately 711,000 to 725,000 Palestinian Arabs fled or were expelled from their homes, during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War during which Israel captured and incorporated a further 26% of Palestinian territory.<br/><br/> In the course of the Six Day War in June 1967, Israel captured the remainder of historic Palestine and began a continuing policy of Israeli settlement and annexation.