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The rambutan (<i>Nephelium lappaceum</i>) is a medium-sized tropical tree in the family Sapindaceae. The fruit produced by the tree is also known as rambutan.<br/><br/> The name rambutan is derived from the Malay/Indonesian word <i>rambutan</i>, meaning 'hairy', <i>rambut</i> the word for 'hair' in both languages, a reference to the numerous hairy protuberances of the fruit, together with the noun-building suffix <i>-an</i>.
World: Green Thai guava (<i>Psidium guajava</i>), a variant of the tropical fruit cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. Guava is a small tree in the myrtle family (Myrtaceae), native to Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America. The most frequently eaten species is the apple guava.
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree <i>Mangifera indica</i> which is believed to have originated from the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. Mangoes have been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times.
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree <i>Mangifera indica</i> which is believed to have originated from the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. Mangoes have been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is an ancient Brahman ritual held each year in Bangkok at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The event is performed to gain an auspicious start to the rice growing season. Sacred white oxen plough the Sanam Luang field, which is then sown with seeds blessed by the king. Farmers then collect the seeds to replant in their own fields. This ceremony is also performed in Cambodia and Sri Lanka.
Zhouzhuang is one of the most famous water townships in China and dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BCE - 476 BCE). Most of the ancient town seen today was built during the Ming or Qing periods.
Zhouzhuang is one of the most famous water townships in China and dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BCE - 476 BCE). Most of the ancient town seen today was built during the Ming or Qing periods.
A walnut is an edible seed of any tree of the genus <i>Juglans</i> (Family Juglandaceae), especially the Persian or English walnut, <i>Juglans regia</i>. Broken nutmeats of the eastern black walnut from the tree <i>Juglans nigra</i> are also commercially available in small quantities, as are foods prepared with butternut nutmeats from <i>Juglans cinerea</i>.<br/><br/> Walnuts are rounded, single-seeded stone fruits of the walnut tree. The walnut fruit is enclosed in a green, leathery, fleshy husk. This husk is inedible. After harvest, the removal of the husk reveals the wrinkly walnut shell, which is in two halves. This shell is hard and encloses the kernel, which is also made up of two halves separated by a partition. The seed kernels — commonly available as shelled walnuts — are enclosed in a brown seed coat which contains antioxidants.
World: Durian (<i>Durio sensu lato</i> is a large fruit native to Southeast Asia. Regarded by many people in southeast Asia as the 'king of fruits', the durian is distinctive for its large size, strong odour, and formidable thorn-covered husk. The fruit can grow as large as 30 centimetres (12 in) long and 15 centimetres (6 in) in diameter, and it typically weighs one to three kilograms (2 to 7 lb). Its shape ranges from oblong to round, the colour of its husk green to brown, and its flesh pale yellow to red, depending on the species.
World: Durian (<i>Durio sensu lato</i> is a large fruit native to Southeast Asia. Regarded by many people in southeast Asia as the 'king of fruits', the durian is distinctive for its large size, strong odour, and formidable thorn-covered husk. The fruit can grow as large as 30 centimetres (12 in) long and 15 centimetres (6 in) in diameter, and it typically weighs one to three kilograms (2 to 7 lb). Its shape ranges from oblong to round, the colour of its husk green to brown, and its flesh pale yellow to red, depending on the species.
World: The papaya (from Carib via Spanish), papaw, or pawpaw is the fruit of the plant <i>Carica papaya</i>, the sole species in the genus <i>Carica</i> of the plant family Caricaceae. It is native to the tropics of the Americas, perhaps from southern Mexico and neighbouring Central America. It was first cultivated in Mexico several centuries before the emergence of the Mesoamerican classical civilizations.
World: Rose apples (<i>Syzygium jambos</i>) originate in Southeast Asia, but are now grown widely across every continent except Antartica. Rich in vitamin C, the fruit can be eaten raw or used in various regional recipes. In Southeast Asian countries, rose apple fruit is frequently served with spiced sugar.
World: Mangosteen (<I>Garcinia mangostana</i> is a tropical fruit from the Mangosteen tree and is native to the lands surrounding the Indian Ocean. Highly valued for its juicy, delicate texture and slightly sweet and sour flavour, the mangosteen has been cultivated in Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra, Mainland Southeast Asia, and the Philippines since ancient times.
Seoul is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea. A megacity with a population of more than 10 million, it is the largest city proper in the developed world. The Seoul Capital Area, which includes the surrounding Incheon metropolis and Gyeonggi province, is the world's second largest metropolitan area with over 25.6 million people, home to over half of South Koreans along with 632,000 international residents.<br/><br/>During the Korean War, Seoul changed hands between the Chinese-backed North Korean forces and the UN-backed South Korean forces several times, leaving the city heavily damaged after the war. One estimate of the extensive damage states that after the war, at least 191,000 buildings, 55,000 houses, and 1,000 factories lay in ruins. In addition, a flood of refugees had entered Seoul during the war, swelling the population of Seoul and its metropolitan area to an estimated 2.5 million, more than half of them homeless.
Zhouzhuang is one of the most famous water townships in China and dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BCE - 476 BCE). Most of the ancient own seen today was in fact built during either during the Ming or Qing periods.
Four centuries ago coffee was all but unknown beyond the Horn of Africa and Southern Arabia, the area from which a small, berry-bearing tree, known to science as coffee arabica, first sprang. The unassuming plant which plays so important a part in our lives today, is thought to be indigenous to the Kaffa region of highland Ethiopia -- from which the name 'coffee' may originate; others argue that it derives from its Arabic name qahwa. Certainly the earliest known legend concerning coffee -- still recounted today in the suqs, or markets, of Southern Arabia -- tells how an Arab goatherd called Kaldi, whilst out tending his flock, noted their queer behaviour on eating certain small berries. Kaldi tried them himself, liked the mild sense of euphoria they induced, and told his companions.<br/><br/> Within a short time -- probably in the early 15th century -- the wild coffee plant had been introduced to the highlands of Yemen, and was being cultivated and selectively bred in a process which would eventually create the many diverse types of bean now available. Blue Mountain from Jamaica, Kenyan from East Africa, Java from Indonesia, Brasilica from Brazil -- all these famous blends derive originally from Kaldi's stunted shrubs, but the godfather of them all is Mocha.
Four centuries ago coffee was all but unknown beyond the Horn of Africa and Southern Arabia, the area from which a small, berry-bearing tree, known to science as coffee arabica, first sprang. The unassuming plant which plays so important a part in our lives today, is thought to be indigenous to the Kaffa region of highland Ethiopia -- from which the name 'coffee' may originate; others argue that it derives from its Arabic name qahwa. Certainly the earliest known legend concerning coffee -- still recounted today in the suqs, or markets, of Southern Arabia -- tells how an Arab goatherd called Kaldi, whilst out tending his flock, noted their queer behaviour on eating certain small berries. Kaldi tried them himself, liked the mild sense of euphoria they induced, and told his companions.<br/><br/> Within a short time -- probably in the early 15th century -- the wild coffee plant had been introduced to the highlands of Yemen, and was being cultivated and selectively bred in a process which would eventually create the many diverse types of bean now available. Blue Mountain from Jamaica, Kenyan from East Africa, Java from Indonesia, Brasilica from Brazil -- all these famous blends derive originally from Kaldi's stunted shrubs, but the godfather of them all is Mocha.
Four centuries ago coffee was all but unknown beyond the Horn of Africa and Southern Arabia, the area from which a small, berry-bearing tree, known to science as coffee arabica, first sprang. The unassuming plant which plays so important a part in our lives today, is thought to be indigenous to the Kaffa region of highland Ethiopia -- from which the name 'coffee' may originate; others argue that it derives from its Arabic name qahwa. Certainly the earliest known legend concerning coffee -- still recounted today in the suqs, or markets, of Southern Arabia -- tells how an Arab goatherd called Kaldi, whilst out tending his flock, noted their queer behaviour on eating certain small berries. Kaldi tried them himself, liked the mild sense of euphoria they induced, and told his companions.<br/><br/> Within a short time -- probably in the early 15th century -- the wild coffee plant had been introduced to the highlands of Yemen, and was being cultivated and selectively bred in a process which would eventually create the many diverse types of bean now available. Blue Mountain from Jamaica, Kenyan from East Africa, Java from Indonesia, Brasilica from Brazil -- all these famous blends derive originally from Kaldi's stunted shrubs, but the godfather of them all is Mocha.
Four centuries ago coffee was all but unknown beyond the Horn of Africa and Southern Arabia, the area from which a small, berry-bearing tree, known to science as coffee arabica, first sprang. The unassuming plant which plays so important a part in our lives today, is thought to be indigenous to the Kaffa region of highland Ethiopia -- from which the name 'coffee' may originate; others argue that it derives from its Arabic name qahwa. Certainly the earliest known legend concerning coffee -- still recounted today in the suqs, or markets, of Southern Arabia -- tells how an Arab goatherd called Kaldi, whilst out tending his flock, noted their queer behaviour on eating certain small berries. Kaldi tried them himself, liked the mild sense of euphoria they induced, and told his companions.<br/><br/> Within a short time -- probably in the early 15th century -- the wild coffee plant had been introduced to the highlands of Yemen, and was being cultivated and selectively bred in a process which would eventually create the many diverse types of bean now available. Blue Mountain from Jamaica, Kenyan from East Africa, Java from Indonesia, Brasilica from Brazil -- all these famous blends derive originally from Kaldi's stunted shrubs, but the godfather of them all is Mocha.
Four centuries ago coffee was all but unknown beyond the Horn of Africa and Southern Arabia, the area from which a small, berry-bearing tree, known to science as coffee arabica, first sprang. The unassuming plant which plays so important a part in our lives today, is thought to be indigenous to the Kaffa region of highland Ethiopia -- from which the name 'coffee' may originate; others argue that it derives from its Arabic name qahwa. Certainly the earliest known legend concerning coffee -- still recounted today in the suqs, or markets, of Southern Arabia -- tells how an Arab goatherd called Kaldi, whilst out tending his flock, noted their queer behaviour on eating certain small berries. Kaldi tried them himself, liked the mild sense of euphoria they induced, and told his companions.<br/><br/> Within a short time -- probably in the early 15th century -- the wild coffee plant had been introduced to the highlands of Yemen, and was being cultivated and selectively bred in a process which would eventually create the many diverse types of bean now available. Blue Mountain from Jamaica, Kenyan from East Africa, Java from Indonesia, Brasilica from Brazil -- all these famous blends derive originally from Kaldi's stunted shrubs, but the godfather of them all is Mocha.
Four centuries ago coffee was all but unknown beyond the Horn of Africa and Southern Arabia, the area from which a small, berry-bearing tree, known to science as coffee arabica, first sprang. The unassuming plant which plays so important a part in our lives today, is thought to be indigenous to the Kaffa region of highland Ethiopia -- from which the name 'coffee' may originate; others argue that it derives from its Arabic name qahwa. Certainly the earliest known legend concerning coffee -- still recounted today in the suqs, or markets, of Southern Arabia -- tells how an Arab goatherd called Kaldi, whilst out tending his flock, noted their queer behaviour on eating certain small berries. Kaldi tried them himself, liked the mild sense of euphoria they induced, and told his companions.<br/><br/> Within a short time -- probably in the early 15th century -- the wild coffee plant had been introduced to the highlands of Yemen, and was being cultivated and selectively bred in a process which would eventually create the many diverse types of bean now available. Blue Mountain from Jamaica, Kenyan from East Africa, Java from Indonesia, Brasilica from Brazil -- all these famous blends derive originally from Kaldi's stunted shrubs, but the godfather of them all is Mocha.
Four centuries ago coffee was all but unknown beyond the Horn of Africa and Southern Arabia, the area from which a small, berry-bearing tree, known to science as coffee arabica, first sprang. The unassuming plant which plays so important a part in our lives today, is thought to be indigenous to the Kaffa region of highland Ethiopia -- from which the name 'coffee' may originate; others argue that it derives from its Arabic name qahwa. Certainly the earliest known legend concerning coffee -- still recounted today in the suqs, or markets, of Southern Arabia -- tells how an Arab goatherd called Kaldi, whilst out tending his flock, noted their queer behaviour on eating certain small berries. Kaldi tried them himself, liked the mild sense of euphoria they induced, and told his companions.<br/><br/> Within a short time -- probably in the early 15th century -- the wild coffee plant had been introduced to the highlands of Yemen, and was being cultivated and selectively bred in a process which would eventually create the many diverse types of bean now available. Blue Mountain from Jamaica, Kenyan from East Africa, Java from Indonesia, Brasilica from Brazil -- all these famous blends derive originally from Kaldi's stunted shrubs, but the godfather of them all is Mocha.
Phnom Penh lies on the western side of the Mekong River at the point where it is joined by the Sap River and divides into the Bassac River, making a meet place of four great waterways known in Cambodian as Chatomuk or 'Four Faces'. It has been central to Cambodian life since soon after the abandonment of Angkor in the mid-14th century and has been the capital since 1866.<br/><br/> An elegant Franco-Cambodian city of broad boulevards and Buddhist temples, it was considered one of the jewels of Southeast Asia until Cambodia became involved in the Second Indochina War in 1965. Ten years later victorious Khmer Rouge forces captured the city. These extreme left-wing communists, led by the secretive Pol Pot, ordered the immediate evacuation of Phnom Penh causing up to two million deaths during the period 1975-79. During this time the city was abandoned and fell into ruin. Since the defeat of the Khmer Rouge in 1979 it has been gradually recovering, but still bears scars of a terrible past.
Phnom Penh lies on the western side of the Mekong River at the point where it is joined by the Sap River and divides into the Bassac River, making a meet place of four great waterways known in Cambodian as Chatomuk or 'Four Faces'. It has been central to Cambodian life since soon after the abandonment of Angkor in the mid-14th century and has been the capital since 1866.<br/><br/> An elegant Franco-Cambodian city of broad boulevards and Buddhist temples, it was considered one of the jewels of Southeast Asia until Cambodia became involved in the Second Indochina War in 1965. Ten years later victorious Khmer Rouge forces captured the city. These extreme left-wing communists, led by the secretive Pol Pot, ordered the immediate evacuation of Phnom Penh causing up to two million deaths during the period 1975-79. During this time the city was abandoned and fell into ruin. Since the defeat of the Khmer Rouge in 1979 it has been gradually recovering, but still bears scars of a terrible past.
Phnom Penh lies on the western side of the Mekong River at the point where it is joined by the Sap River and divides into the Bassac River, making a meet place of four great waterways known in Cambodian as Chatomuk or 'Four Faces'. It has been central to Cambodian life since soon after the abandonment of Angkor in the mid-14th century and has been the capital since 1866.<br/><br/> An elegant Franco-Cambodian city of broad boulevards and Buddhist temples, it was considered one of the jewels of Southeast Asia until Cambodia became involved in the Second Indochina War in 1965. Ten years later victorious Khmer Rouge forces captured the city. These extreme left-wing communists, led by the secretive Pol Pot, ordered the immediate evacuation of Phnom Penh causing up to two million deaths during the period 1975-79. During this time the city was abandoned and fell into ruin. Since the defeat of the Khmer Rouge in 1979 it has been gradually recovering, but still bears scars of a terrible past.
Paul Gauguin was born in Paris in 1848 and spent some of his childhood in Peru. He worked as a stockbroker with little success, and suffered from bouts of severe depression. He also painted. In 1891, Gauguin, frustrated by lack of recognition at home and financially destitute, sailed to the tropics to escape European civilization and 'everything that is artificial and conventional'. His time there, particularly in Tahiti and the Marquesas Islands, was the subject of much interest both then and in modern times due to his alleged sexual exploits. He was known to have had trysts with several native girls, some of whom appear as subjects of his paintings. Gauguin died on 8 May 1903 and is buried in Calvary Cemetery (Cimetière Calvaire), Atuona, Hiva ‘Oa, Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia.
Pierre Sonnerat (1748-1814) was a French naturalist and explorer who made several voyages to Southeast Asia between 1769 and 1781. He published this two-volume account of his voyage of 1774-81 in 1782.<br/><br/> Volume 1 deals exclusively with India, whose culture Sonnerat very much admired, and is especially noteworthy for its extended discussion of religion in India, Hinduism in particular.<br/><br/> Volume 2 covers Sonnerat’s travels to China, Burma, Madagascar, the Maldives, Mauritius, Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka), Indonesia, and the Philippines. The book is illustrated with engravings based on Sonnerat’s drawings. Among the most interesting illustrations are Sonnerat’s pictures of various Hindu deities. Sonnerat was also a dedicated ornithologist and bird collector, and the book describes and depicts a number of species that he was the first to identify.
Edgar 'Pop' Buell was a farmer from Steuben County, Indiana, but following the death of his wife in 1958 he joined the International Voluntary Services, a precursor to the Peace Corps, which offered him a job as an agricultural adviser in Laos. Buell worked in Laos through the Laotian Civil War, organizing relief aid to refugees and isolated villages, before he was forced to flee Laos in the mid-1970s.<br/><br/> He is widely regarded as having been the CIA's main contact with the Hmong anti-communist forces during the Laos 'Secret War' (c. 1964-1973).
Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. The fruit, known as a peppercorn when dried, is approximately 5 millimetres (0.20 in) in diameter, dark red when fully mature, and, like all drupes, contains a single seed. Peppercorns, and the ground pepper derived from them, may be described simply as pepper, or more precisely as black pepper (cooked and dried unripe fruit), green pepper (dried unripe fruit) and white pepper (unripe fruit seeds).<br/><br/> Black pepper is native to south India, and is extensively cultivated there and elsewhere in tropical regions. Currently Vietnam is the world's largest producer and exporter of pepper, producing 34% of the world's Piper nigrum crop as of 2008.<br/><br/> Dried ground pepper has been used since antiquity for both its flavor and as a medicine. Black pepper is the world's most traded spice. It is one of the most common spices added to European cuisine and its descendants. The spiciness of black pepper is due to the chemical piperine, not to be confused with the capsaicin that gives fleshy peppers theirs. It is ubiquitous in the modern world as a seasoning, and is often paired with salt.
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza glaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia and the West Indies.<br/><br/> Rice is the most important grain with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by the human species.<br/><br/> There are many varieties of rice and culinary preferences tend to vary regionally. For example in India, there is a saying that 'grains of rice should be like two brothers, close but not stuck together', while in the Far East there is a preference for softer, stickier varieties.<br/><br/> Because of its importance as a staple food, rice has considerable cultural importance. For example, rice is first mentioned in the Yajur Veda and then is frequently referred to in Sanskrit texts. Rice is often directly associated with prosperity and fertility, therefore there is the custom of throwing rice at weddings.