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Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abdallah or Muhammad 'al-Imam' was the son of Ali ibn Abdallah ibn al-'Abbas and grandson of al-'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib, the uncle of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.<br/><br/> His tomb was destroyed destroyed by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in June2015.
Ghalib Ali Al Hinai (Arabic: غالب بن علي الهنائي‎) (c. 1908 or 1912 – 29 November 2009) was the last elected Imam of the Imamate of Oman.<br/><br/> From 1954, he led the Imamate of Oman in Nizwa and Oman proper in the Jebel Akhdar revolt against Sultan Said Bin Taimur. The war lasted 5 years until the Sultan of Oman's armed forces, aided by colonial British soldiers from the Special Air Service, had put down the Jebel Akhdar revolt in 1959. Imam Ghalib Al Hinai managed to escape to Saudi Arabia. He continued for a short time to lead a temporary government-in-exile from Dammam, Saudi Arabia while the fighting continued in Oman.<br/><br/> He continued to receive many visitors from Oman up until his death and remaioned deeply. He was known for his faithful adherence to his religion. He died on 29 November 2009 at the age of 96 (or 101) in Dammam.
Oman (Arabic: عمان‎ ʻUmān), officially called the Sultanate of Oman (Arabic: سلطنة عُمان‎ Salṭanat ʻUmān), is an Arab state in southwest Asia on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It has a strategically important position at the mouth of the Persian Gulf.<br/><br/> It is bordered by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to the northwest, Saudi Arabia to the west, and Yemen to the southwest and also shares a marine border with Iran. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the southeast and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The Madha and Musandam enclaves are surrounded by the UAE on their land borders, with the Strait of Hormuz and Gulf of Oman forming Musandam's coastal boundaries.<br/><br/> From the 17th century, Oman had its own empire, and vied with Portugal and Britain for influence in the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean. At its peak in the 19th century, Omani influence or control extended across the Strait of Hormuz to Iran, and modern day Pakistan, and as far south as Zanzibar.<br/><br/> As its power declined in the 20th century, the sultanate came under heavy influence from the United Kingdom, though Oman was never formally part of the British Empire, or a British protectorate.
Salim Chishti (1478 – 1572) was a Sufi saint of the Chishti Order during the Mughal Empire (1526 - 1757) in South Asia.<br/><br/> Chishti's tomb was originally built with red sandstone but later converted into a beautiful marble mausoleum. Salim Chishti's Mazar (tomb) is in the middle of the Emperor's Courtyard at Fatehpur Sikri.<br/><br/> The mausoleum was constructed by Akbar as a mark of his respect for the Sufi saint, who foretold the birth of his son, who was named Prince Salim after him and later succeeded Akbar to the throne of the Mughal Empire, as Jahangir.<br/><br/> Fatehpur Sikri (the City of Victory) was built during the second half of the 16th century by the Emperor Akbar ((r. 1556-1605)). It was the capital of the Mughal Empire for 10 years.
Salim Chishti (1478 – 1572) was a Sufi saint of the Chishti Order during the Mughal Empire (1526 - 1757) in South Asia.<br/><br/> Chishti's tomb was originally built with red sandstone but later converted into a beautiful marble mausoleum. Salim Chishti's Mazar (tomb) is in the middle of the Emperor's Courtyard at Fatehpur Sikri.<br/><br/> The mausoleum was constructed by Akbar as a mark of his respect for the Sufi saint, who foretold the birth of his son, who was named Prince Salim after him and later succeeded Akbar to the throne of the Mughal Empire, as Jahangir.<br/><br/> Fatehpur Sikri (the City of Victory) was built during the second half of the 16th century by the Emperor Akbar ((r. 1556-1605)). It was the capital of the Mughal Empire for 10 years.
Salim Chishti (1478 – 1572) was a Sufi saint of the Chishti Order during the Mughal Empire (1526 - 1757) in South Asia.<br/><br/> Chishti's tomb was originally built with red sandstone but later converted into a beautiful marble mausoleum. Salim Chishti's Mazar (tomb) is in the middle of the Emperor's Courtyard at Fatehpur Sikri.<br/><br/> The mausoleum was constructed by Akbar as a mark of his respect for the Sufi saint, who foretold the birth of his son, who was named Prince Salim after him and later succeeded Akbar to the throne of the Mughal Empire, as Jahangir.<br/><br/> Fatehpur Sikri (the City of Victory) was built during the second half of the 16th century by the Emperor Akbar ((r. 1556-1605)). It was the capital of the Mughal Empire for 10 years.
Bedouin (from the Arabic badawī بَدَوِي, pl. badw بَدْو or badawiyyūn بَدَوِيُّون) are a part of a predominantly desert-dwelling Arabian ethnic group traditionally divided into tribes, or clans, known in Arabic as ʿašāʾir (عَشَائِر).The term 'Bedouin' derives from a plural form of the Arabic word badawī, as it is pronounced in colloquial dialects. The Arabic term badawī (بدوي) derives from the word bādiyah (بَادِية), which means semiarid desert (as opposed to ṣaḥarāʾ صَحَرَاء, which means desert).<br/><br/> Starting in the late nineteenth century, many Bedouin under British rule began to transit to a seminomadic life. In the 1950s and 1960s, large numbers of Bedouin throughout Midwest Asia started to leave the traditional, nomadic life to settle in the cities of Midwest Asia, especially as hot ranges have shrunk and populations have grown. For example, in Syria the Bedouin way of life effectively ended during a severe drought from 1958 to 1961, which forced many Bedouin to abandon herding for standard jobs. Similarly, governmental policies in Egypt and Israel, oil production in the Persian Gulf, as well as a desire for improved standards of living, effectively led most Bedouin to become settled citizens of various nations, rather than stateless nomadic herders.
Palestine (Arabic: فلسطين‎ Filasṭīn, Falasṭīn, Filisṭīn; Greek: Παλαιστίνη, Palaistinē; Latin: Palaestina; Hebrew: פלשתינה Palestina) is a name given to the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. The region is also known as the Land of Israel (Hebrew: ארץ־ישראל Eretz-Yisra'el), the Holy Land and the Southern Levant.<br/><br/> In 1832 Palestine was conquered by Muhammad Ali's Egypt, but in 1840 Britain intervened and returned control of the Levant to the Ottomans in return for further capitulations. The end of the 19th century saw the beginning of Zionist immigration and the Revival of the Hebrew language. The movement was publicly supported by Great Britain during World War I with the Balfour Declaration of 1917. The British captured Jerusalem a month later, and were formally awarded a mandate in 1922.<br/><br/> In 1947, following World War II and the Holocaust, the British Government announced their desire to terminate the Mandate, and the United Nations General Assembly voted to partition the territory into a Jewish state and an Arab state. The Jewish leadership accepted the proposal but the Arab Higher Committee rejected it; a civil war began immediately, and the State of Israel was declared in 1948.<br/><br/> The 1948 Palestinian exodus, known in Arabic as the Nakba (Arabic: النكبة‎, an-Nakbah, 'The Catastrophe') occurred when approximately 711,000 to 725,000 Palestinian Arabs fled or were expelled from their homes, during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War during which Israel captured and incorporated a further 26% of Palestinian territory.<br/><br/> In the course of the Six Day War in June 1967, Israel captured the remainder of historic Palestine and began a continuing policy of Israeli settlement and annexation.
Abd El-Kader ibn Muhieddine (6 September 1808 near Mascara – 26 May 1883 Damascus), (Arabic: عبد القادر ابن محيي الدين‎ ʿAbd al-Qādir ibn Muḥyiddīn) known as Emīr ʿAbd al-Qādir or ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jazāʾirī) was an Algerian Islamic scholar, Sufi, political and military leader who led a struggle against the French invasion in the mid-nineteenth century, for which he is seen by some Algerians as their national hero.
1495 copy of the Koran by Seyh Hamdullah (1436–1520), or Sheikh Hamdullah, the most famous Ottoman calligrapher and developer of six major styles of Arabic calligraphy. He was born in Amasya, Turkey, and devoted his entire life to the art of calligraphy, producing 47 Mus'hafs, books of the Qur'an, and many other works.
Naskh script is considered one of the most renowned styles of Islamic calligraphy. Naskh emerged from changes in Kufic script. The widespread use of the style is due to its suitability for writing. Thuluth script, along with Naskh script, was applied to a great many texts. This particular style was mostly used for inscriptions in mosques, religious places and architectural monuments.