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Gingee Fort or Senji Fort (also known as Chenji, Jinji or Senchi) in Tamil Nadu, was originally the site of a small fort built by the Chola dynasty during the 9th century CE. The fort was modified by Kurumbar during the 13th century.<br/><br/> The fort as it stands today was built in the 15 and 16th centuries by the Nayak Dynasty. The fort passed variously to the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji in 1677 CE, the Bijapur sultans, the Moghuls, Carnatic Nawabs, the French and then the British in 1761. The fort is closely associated with Raja Tej Singh, who unsuccessfully revolted against the Nawab of Arcot and eventually lost his life in a battle.<br/><br/> The fort is so fortified, that Shivaji, the Maratha king, ranked it as the 'most impregnable fortress in India' and it was called the 'Troy of the East' by the British.
Gingee Fort or Senji Fort (also known as Chenji, Jinji or Senchi) in Tamil Nadu, was originally the site of a small fort built by the Chola dynasty during the 9th century CE. The fort was modified by Kurumbar during the 13th century.<br/><br/> The fort as it stands today was built in the 15 and 16th centuries by the Nayak Dynasty. The fort passed variously to the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji in 1677 CE, the Bijapur sultans, the Moghuls, Carnatic Nawabs, the French and then the British in 1761. The fort is closely associated with Raja Tej Singh, who unsuccessfully revolted against the Nawab of Arcot and eventually lost his life in a battle.<br/><br/> The fort is so fortified, that Shivaji, the Maratha king, ranked it as the 'most impregnable fortress in India' and it was called the 'Troy of the East' by the British.
Gingee Fort or Senji Fort (also known as Chenji, Jinji or Senchi) in Tamil Nadu, was originally the site of a small fort built by the Chola dynasty during the 9th century CE. The fort was modified by Kurumbar during the 13th century.<br/><br/> The fort as it stands today was built in the 15 and 16th centuries by the Nayak Dynasty. The fort passed variously to the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji in 1677 CE, the Bijapur sultans, the Moghuls, Carnatic Nawabs, the French and then the British in 1761. The fort is closely associated with Raja Tej Singh, who unsuccessfully revolted against the Nawab of Arcot and eventually lost his life in a battle.<br/><br/> The fort is so fortified, that Shivaji, the Maratha king, ranked it as the 'most impregnable fortress in India' and it was called the 'Troy of the East' by the British.
Gingee Fort or Senji Fort (also known as Chenji, Jinji or Senchi) in Tamil Nadu, was originally the site of a small fort built by the Chola dynasty during the 9th century CE. The fort was modified by Kurumbar during the 13th century.<br/><br/> The fort as it stands today was built in the 15 and 16th centuries by the Nayak Dynasty. The fort passed variously to the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji in 1677 CE, the Bijapur sultans, the Moghuls, Carnatic Nawabs, the French and then the British in 1761. The fort is closely associated with Raja Tej Singh, who unsuccessfully revolted against the Nawab of Arcot and eventually lost his life in a battle.<br/><br/> The fort is so fortified, that Shivaji, the Maratha king, ranked it as the 'most impregnable fortress in India' and it was called the 'Troy of the East' by the British.
Gingee Fort or Senji Fort (also known as Chenji, Jinji or Senchi) in Tamil Nadu, was originally the site of a small fort built by the Chola dynasty during the 9th century CE. The fort was modified by Kurumbar during the 13th century.<br/><br/> The fort as it stands today was built in the 15 and 16th centuries by the Nayak Dynasty. The fort passed variously to the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji in 1677 CE, the Bijapur sultans, the Moghuls, Carnatic Nawabs, the French and then the British in 1761. The fort is closely associated with Raja Tej Singh, who unsuccessfully revolted against the Nawab of Arcot and eventually lost his life in a battle.<br/><br/> The fort is so fortified, that Shivaji, the Maratha king, ranked it as the 'most impregnable fortress in India' and it was called the 'Troy of the East' by the British.
Gingee Fort or Senji Fort (also known as Chenji, Jinji or Senchi) in Tamil Nadu, was originally the site of a small fort built by the Chola dynasty during the 9th century CE. The fort was modified by Kurumbar during the 13th century.<br/><br/> The fort as it stands today was built in the 15 and 16th centuries by the Nayak Dynasty. The fort passed variously to the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji in 1677 CE, the Bijapur sultans, the Moghuls, Carnatic Nawabs, the French and then the British in 1761. The fort is closely associated with Raja Tej Singh, who unsuccessfully revolted against the Nawab of Arcot and eventually lost his life in a battle.<br/><br/> The fort is so fortified, that Shivaji, the Maratha king, ranked it as the 'most impregnable fortress in India' and it was called the 'Troy of the East' by the British.
Shivaji Bhosale (19 February 1630 – 3 April 1680), was the founder of the Maratha Empire, which lasted until 1820, and at its peak covered much of the Indian subcontinent. An aristocrat of the Bhosle Maratha clan, Shivaji led a resistance against the Adilshahi sultanate of Bijapur and the Mughal Empire and established Hindavi Swarajya ('self-rule of Hindu people'). He created an independent Maratha kingdom with Raigad as its capital, and was crowned Chhatrapati ('paramount sovereign') of the Marathas in 1674.<br/><br/> Shivaji established a competent and progressive civil rule with the help of a disciplined military and well-structured administrative organisations. He innovated military tactics, pioneering guerrilla warfare methods which employed strategic factors like geography, speed, and surprise and focused pinpoint attacks to defeat his larger and more powerful enemies.<br/><br/> From a small contingent of 2,000 soldiers inherited from his father, Shivaji created a force of 100,000 soldiers; he built and restored strategically located forts both inland and along the coast to safeguard his territory. He revived ancient Hindu political traditions and court conventions, and promoted the usage of Marathi and Sanskrit, rather than Persian, in court and administration.