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Greece: Golden funeral mask also known as the Agamemnon Mask. Found in Tomb V in Mycenae by Heinrich Schliemann in 1876, 16th century BCE. Photo by DieBuche (CC BY-SA 3.0 License).<br/><br/> In Greek mythology, Agamemnon was the son of King Atreus of Mycenae and Queen Aerope; the brother of Menelaus and the husband of Clytemnestra; mythical legends make him the king of Mycenae or Argos, thought to be different names for the same area. When Helen, the wife of Menelaus, was abducted by Paris of Troy, Agamemnon was the commander of the Greeks in the ensuing Trojan War. Upon Agamemnon's return from Troy he was murdered by Aegisthus, the lover of his wife Clytemnestra. The so-called 'Agamemnon Mask' is preserved in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens.
In Greek mythology, Agamemnon was the king of Mycenae, or Argos. He and his brother Menelaus were also known as 'Atrides', the sons of Atreus. Agamemnon had four children by his wife Clytaemnestra. Menelaus was married to Clytaemnestra's sister, Helen. When Helen was abducted—or seduced—by the Trojan Paris, the result was the Trojan war. Agamemnon was a central player in the war as both commander of the Greek fleet and Helen's brother-in-law. In order to summon up winds to propel his ships, he was forced to sacrifice his daughter Iphigeneia to the goddess Artemis. This eventually led to his downfall. Clytaemnestra never forgave Agamemnon for the death of her daughter and took her revenge years later when he returned from Troy.
In Greco-Roman mythology, Aeneas was a prince of Troy, the son of Anchises and the goddess Aphrodite, and the legendary founder of Rome. His voyages and heroism are recounted in Homer’s ‘The Iliad’ and Virgil's ‘Aeneid’.<br/><br/> In the ‘Aeneid’, the Trojan prince boosts his crew’s morale on the long voyage from Troy (modern-day Turkey) to Rome. He organizes ship races. Here he rewards the winner of a race with a magnificent suite of armour. Aeneas' fleet is anchored in the distance.<br/><br/> This oil on canvas was painted by Ferdinand Bol in c.1661-3.